School of Psychology, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia.
Center for Social and Early Emotional Development, Deakin University, Burwood, Victoria, Australia.
Int J Eat Disord. 2022 Jan;55(1):3-38. doi: 10.1002/eat.23640. Epub 2021 Nov 13.
Research investigating the effects of COVID-19 on eating disorders is growing rapidly. A comprehensive evaluation of this literature is needed to identify key findings and evidence gaps to better inform policy decisions related to the management of eating disorders during and after this crisis. We conducted a systematic scoping review synthesizing and appraising this literature.
Empirical research on COVID-19 impacts on eating disorder severity, prevalence, and demand for treatment was searched. No sample restrictions were applied. Findings (n = 70 studies) were synthesized across six themes: (a) suspected eating disorder cases during COVID-19; (b) perceived pandemic impacts on symptoms; (c) symptom severity pre versus during the pandemic; (d) pandemic-related correlates of symptom severity; (e) impacts on carers/parents; and (f) treatment experiences during COVID-19.
Pandemic impacts on rates of probable eating disorders, symptom deterioration, and general mental health varied substantially. Symptom escalation and mental health worsening during-and due to-the pandemic were commonly reported, and those most susceptible included confirmed eating disorder cases, at-risk populations (young women, athletes, parent/carers), and individuals highly anxious or fearful of COVID-19. Evidence emerged for increased demand for specialist eating disorder services during the pandemic. The forced transition to online treatment was challenging for many, yet telehealth alternatives seemed feasible and effective.
Evidence for COVID-19 effects is mostly limited to participant self-report or retrospective recall, cross-sectional and descriptive studies, and samples of convenience. Several novel pathways for future research that aim to better understand, monitor, and support those negatively affected by the pandemic are formulated.
研究 COVID-19 对饮食失调影响的研究正在迅速增加。需要对这一文献进行全面评估，以确定关键发现和证据空白，从而更好地为危机期间和之后与饮食失调管理相关的政策决策提供信息。我们进行了一项系统的范围综述，综合和评估了这一文献。
搜索了关于 COVID-19 对饮食障碍严重程度、患病率和治疗需求影响的实证研究。没有对样本进行限制。研究结果（n=70 项研究）综合了六个主题：（a）COVID-19 期间疑似饮食障碍病例；（b）对症状的大流行影响的感知；（c）大流行前与大流行期间症状严重程度的比较；（d）与症状严重程度相关的大流行相关因素；（e）对照顾者/父母的影响；（f）COVID-19 期间的治疗经验。
大流行对可能的饮食障碍、症状恶化和一般心理健康的发生率的影响差异很大。在大流行期间和由于大流行而导致的症状恶化和心理健康恶化的情况经常被报告，最容易受到影响的包括确诊的饮食障碍病例、高危人群（年轻女性、运动员、父母/照顾者）以及对 COVID-19 高度焦虑或恐惧的个体。在大流行期间，对专科饮食障碍服务的需求增加的证据出现了。许多人被迫过渡到在线治疗，但远程医疗替代方案似乎可行且有效。
COVID-19 影响的证据主要限于参与者的自我报告或回顾性回忆、横断面和描述性研究以及方便样本。提出了一些未来研究的新途径，旨在更好地理解、监测和支持那些受到大流行负面影响的人。
