Hosseinpour Sepanta, Walsh Laurence J, Xu Chun
School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, Herston, Queensland 4006, Australia.
ACS Biomater Sci Eng. 2022 Oct 10;8(10):4110-4122. doi: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.1c00899. Epub 2021 Nov 13.
The immune response plays an important role in biomaterial-mediated osteogenesis. Nanomaterials may influence immune responses and thereby alter bone regeneration. Mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) have received much attention for drug delivery and bone regeneration. Recently, immunomodulatory effects of MSNs on osteogenesis have been reported. In this Review, we summarize the osteoimmunomodulation of MSNs, including the effects of MSN characteristics on immune cells and osteogenesis. Impacts of MSNs on immune cells vary according to nanoparticle properties, including surface topography and charge, particle size, and ion release. MSNs with suitable doses can inhibit inflammation and create an immune microenvironment beneficial for bone regeneration by activating immune cells and stimulating cytokine release. Further work is needed to explore and clarify the underlying mechanisms, including crosstalk between various types of immune cells and how to design MSNs to create a suitable immune environment for osteogenesis.
免疫反应在生物材料介导的骨生成中发挥着重要作用。纳米材料可能会影响免疫反应，从而改变骨再生。介孔二氧化硅纳米颗粒（MSNs）在药物递送和骨再生方面备受关注。最近，已有关于MSNs对骨生成的免疫调节作用的报道。在本综述中，我们总结了MSNs的骨免疫调节作用，包括MSN特性对免疫细胞和骨生成的影响。MSNs对免疫细胞的影响因纳米颗粒特性而异，包括表面形貌和电荷、粒径以及离子释放。合适剂量的MSNs可以通过激活免疫细胞和刺激细胞因子释放来抑制炎症，并创造有利于骨再生的免疫微环境。需要进一步开展工作来探索和阐明其潜在机制，包括各类免疫细胞之间的相互作用以及如何设计MSNs以创造适合骨生成的免疫环境。
