Department of Civil, Environmental and Mechanical Engineering, University of Trento, Via Mesiano, 20, 38123, Trento, TN, Italy.
Bi-PA nv (Biological Products for agriculture), Technologielaan 7, B-1840, Londerzeel, Belgium.
Fungal Biol. 2021 Dec;125(12):989-998. doi: 10.1016/j.funbio.2021.08.003. Epub 2021 Aug 21.
The use of biocontrol agents to control soilborne diseases is a promising alternative to chemical pesticides, however, obtaining a homogeneous distribution and incorporation of conidia of fungal biocontrol agents into the soil is often difficult. Several carriers/formulations have been proposed over time, unfortunately without offering an ultimate solution. We propose the use of wood pellets as a carrier of conidia of a saprophytic fungus that has good biodegradation and biocontrol properties (Trichoderma atroviride SC1). The coating process is based on the direct spraying of wood pellets with a conidial suspension at different rates. Beech, fir, and chestnut wood pellets were compared in terms of relevant physicochemical traits and efficacy in supporting the growth of the fungus. Beech wood pellets displayed the best characteristics in terms of water holding capacity, swelling properties, and disintegration time. T. atroviride SC1 grows best on beech and fir wood pellets and reaches a plateau after nine days of incubation, regardless of the initial coating concentrations. The addition of small quantities of a nitrogen source as tryptone or soy flour, soy proteins, and a mixture of animal proteins used as pet food to the conidial suspension can increase the growth by ten-folds on all types of wood pellets. Our results demonstrate that beech and fir wood pellets could be suitable carriers to deliver and sustain the growth of T. atroviride SC1.
利用生物防治剂来控制土传病害是一种有前途的替代化学农药的方法，然而，将真菌生物防治剂的分生孢子均匀分布并掺入土壤中通常是困难的。随着时间的推移，已经提出了几种载体/制剂，但遗憾的是，并没有提供最终的解决方案。我们建议使用木屑作为具有良好生物降解和生物防治特性的腐生真菌（深绿木霉 SC1）的分生孢子载体。该涂层工艺基于以不同速率直接将木屑与分生孢子悬浮液喷雾。比较了山毛榉、冷杉和栗木木屑在相关物理化学特性和支持真菌生长方面的效果。在保水能力、膨胀特性和崩解时间方面，山毛榉木屑表现出最好的特性。T. atroviride SC1 在山毛榉和冷杉木屑上生长最好，无论初始涂层浓度如何，在孵育九天后达到稳定期。在分生孢子悬浮液中添加少量氮源（如胰蛋白胨或大豆粉、大豆蛋白以及用作宠物食品的动物蛋白混合物）可以使所有类型的木屑上的生长增加十倍。我们的结果表明，山毛榉和冷杉木屑可以作为合适的载体来输送和维持 T. atroviride SC1 的生长。
