Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
Cell Biology and Biophysics, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Meyerhofstr.1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany.
Semin Cell Dev Biol. 2022 Oct;130:90-97. doi: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2021.10.013. Epub 2021 Nov 12.
The nucleus displays a wide range of sizes and shapes in different species and cell types, yet its size scaling and many of the key structural constituents that determine its shape are highly conserved. In this review, we discuss the cellular properties and processes that contribute to nuclear size and shape control, drawing examples from across eukaryotes and highlighting conserved themes and pathways. We then outline physiological roles that have been uncovered for specific nuclear morphologies and disease pathologies associated with aberrant nuclear morphology. We argue that a comparative approach, assessing and integrating observations from different systems, will be a powerful way to help us address the open questions surrounding functional roles of nuclear size and shape in cell physiology.
核呈现出不同物种和细胞类型的广泛大小和形状，但它的大小比例及其决定形状的许多关键结构成分高度保守。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了有助于控制核大小和形状的细胞特性和过程，从真核生物中举例，并强调了保守的主题和途径。然后，我们概述了特定核形态和与异常核形态相关的疾病病理相关的生理作用。我们认为，采用比较方法，评估和整合来自不同系统的观察结果，将是帮助我们解决核大小和形状在细胞生理学中的功能作用的悬而未决问题的有力方法。
