Department of Biochemistry, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard University, New Delhi, India.
Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado, USA.
Infect Immun. 2022 May 19;90(5):e0029121. doi: 10.1128/IAI.00291-21. Epub 2021 Nov 15.
Macrophages are key arsenals of the immune system against invaders. After compartmental isolation of a pathogen in phagosomes, the host immune response attempts to neutralize the pathogen. However, pathogens possess the ability to subvert these assaults and can also convert macrophages into their replicative niche. The multiple host defense evasion mechanisms employed by these pathogens include phagosome maturation arrest, molecular mimicry through secretory antigens, interference with host signaling, active radical neutralization, inhibition of phagosome acidification, alteration of programmed cell death, and other mechanisms. Macrophage biology as a part of the host-pathogen interaction has expanded rapidly in the past decade. The present review aims to shed some light upon the macrophage defense evasion strategies employed by pathogens. We have also incorporated recent knowledge in the field of macrophage dynamics during infection and evolutionary perspectives of macrophage dynamics.
巨噬细胞是免疫系统对抗病原体的主要武器。在吞噬体中将病原体隔离开后，宿主的免疫反应试图中和病原体。然而，病原体具有颠覆这些攻击的能力，并且还可以将巨噬细胞转化为其复制龛。这些病原体采用的多种宿主防御逃避机制包括吞噬体成熟阻滞、通过分泌抗原进行分子模拟、干扰宿主信号、主动自由基中和、抑制吞噬体酸化、改变程序性细胞死亡等。过去十年中，巨噬细胞生物学作为宿主-病原体相互作用的一部分迅速发展。本综述旨在阐明病原体逃避巨噬细胞防御的策略。我们还结合了感染期间巨噬细胞动力学领域的最新知识和巨噬细胞动力学的进化观点。
