School of Health, Federation University, Ballarat, Victoria, Australia.
J Appl Microbiol. 2022 Mar;132(3):1636-1651. doi: 10.1111/jam.15374. Epub 2021 Nov 27.
Current literature related to the impact of probiotics on the incidence of gastrointestinal tract infections (GITIs) has shown mixed results and no systematic review available with pooled analysis exists. Thus, the aim of this systematic review was to provide contemporary evidence regarding the overall and strain-specific influence of probiotics in preventing GITIs among infants and children attending childcare centres. The review shortlisted 18 RCTs after screening through the initial search results of 779 articles. However, only 15 trials were deemed eligible, addressing at least one outcome in the pooled analysis. It is concluded that the supplementation of probiotics (overall effect) may reduce the risk of GITI episode by 26%, with Lacticaseibacillus paracasei, Limosilactobacillus reuteri and Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus GG being specifically potent probiotic strains in reducing GITI episode, duration of infection and absence from childcare respectively. There is insufficient evidence to determine the effect of Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis BB-12 based on the findings of the trials included in this review.
目前关于益生菌对胃肠道感染（GITIs）发生率影响的文献报道结果不一，也没有荟萃分析的系统评价。因此，本系统评价旨在提供关于益生菌在预防儿童保育中心婴幼儿 GITIs 方面的整体和菌株特异性影响的最新证据。在对 779 篇文章的初步搜索结果进行筛选后，该研究确定了 18 项 RCT 符合入选标准。然而，只有 15 项试验被认为符合纳入标准，对荟萃分析中的至少一个结果进行了评估。结果表明，益生菌（整体效果）的补充可能使 GITI 发作的风险降低 26%，而副干酪乳杆菌、鼠李糖乳杆菌和鼠李糖乳杆菌 GG 则是分别降低 GITI 发作、感染持续时间和缺勤率的有效益生菌菌株。根据本综述纳入的试验结果，尚无足够证据确定动物双歧杆菌亚种。乳双歧杆菌 BB-12 的作用。
