合成及特性研究含 NbG 或 45S5 生物活性玻璃颗粒的实验性根管封闭剂。
Synthesis and characterization of experimental endodontic sealers containing bioactive glasses particles of NbG or 45S5.
机构信息
Discipline of Dental Materials, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Maranhão (UFMA), Av. dos Portugueses, 1966, Zip Code 65080-805, São Luis, Maranhão, Brazil.
Department of Chemistry, State University of Santa Catarina (UDESC), Rua Paulo Malschitzki, 200, Zip Code: 89219-710, Joinville, Santa Catarina, Brazil.
出版信息
J Mech Behav Biomed Mater. 2022 Jan;125:104971. doi: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2021.104971. Epub 2021 Nov 11.
OBJECTIVE
This study evaluated the influence of adding bioactive glasses particles [Niobophosphate (NbG) or bioglass (45S5)] into endodontic cements in relation to physical, chemical and biological properties.
METHODS
The following commercial cements were used as comparison: AH Plus (Dentsply), Endofill (Dentsply), MTA Fillapex (Angelus) and EndoSequence (BC Sealer, Brasseler). Setting time, radiopacity, flow rate, weight loss/variation, alkaline capacity (pH) at different time-intervals (24h/48h/7d/14d/28d), bioactivity (assessed under SEM/EDS, FTIR/ATR and XDR) and cell viability were measured. Data were analyzed by One-way ANOVA/Holm-Sidak post-test (α = 5%) (normal distribution) and Kruskal-Wallis/Students-Newman-Keuls post-test (α = 5%) (non-normal distribution).
RESULTS
Bioactive endodontic experimental cements (containing NbG or 45S5) had high alkalinization capacity. The experimental cements presented high weight loss/variation (p < 0.001). 45S5 experimental cement did not present radiopacity (p < 0.001). AH Plus had the lowest cell cytotoxicity when compared to the other tested cements (p < 0.001). Regarding bioactivity, SEM/EDS analyses showed precipitates with high concentrations of Ca/P for 45S5 and NbG, as well as for MTA Fillapex and BC Sealer. AH plus and Endofill did not present bioactive precipitates. FTIR/ATR and XDR analyses found hydroxyapatite precursors for NbG, 45S5, MTA Fillapex and BC Sealer.
SIGNIFICANCE
The incorporation of bioactive particles (NbG or 45S5) into endodontic cements had potential to neutralize acidic environments and induced formation of hydroxyapatite precursors. Clinically, these would produce a cement that is bactericidal and have the potential to improve tissue healing. The improved radiopacity and flowability would facilitate the visualization of the material in the radiograph and the filling of anatomical complexities during root canal obturation. As drawbacks, the excessive weight loss and post-setting cytotoxicity could result in clinical degradation of the cement and adjacent tissue irritation for the patient.
目的
本研究评估了在物理、化学和生物学性质方面，将生物活性玻璃颗粒（铌磷灰石（NbG）或生物玻璃（45S5））添加到根管水泥中的影响。
方法
将以下商业水泥用作对照：AH Plus（登士柏）、Endofill（登士柏）、MTA Fillapex（安格利）和 EndoSequence（BC 密封剂， Brasseler）。测定凝固时间、射线不透性、流速、重量损失/变化、不同时间间隔（24h/48h/7d/14d/28d）的碱容量（pH）、生物活性（SEM/EDS、FTIR/ATR 和 XDR 评估）和细胞活力。使用 One-way ANOVA/Holm-Sidak 检验（α=5%）（正态分布）和 Kruskal-Wallis/Students-Newman-Keuls 检验（α=5%）（非正态分布）分析数据。
结果
含 NbG 或 45S5 的生物活性根管实验性水泥具有高碱化能力。实验性水泥的重量损失/变化较大（p<0.001）。45S5 实验性水泥没有射线不透性（p<0.001）。与其他测试的水泥相比，AH Plus 的细胞细胞毒性最低（p<0.001）。关于生物活性，SEM/EDS 分析显示 45S5 和 NbG 以及 MTA Fillapex 和 BC Sealer 具有高浓度的 Ca/P 沉淀物。AH Plus 和 Endofill 没有表现出生物活性沉淀物。FTIR/ATR 和 XDR 分析发现 NbG、45S5、MTA Fillapex 和 BC Sealer 有羟基磷灰石前体。
意义
将生物活性颗粒（NbG 或 45S5）掺入根管水泥中有可能中和酸性环境并诱导羟基磷灰石前体的形成。从临床角度来看，这将产生一种具有杀菌作用并有可能促进组织愈合的水泥。改进的射线不透性和流动性将便于在射线照相中观察材料，并在根管充填期间填充解剖复杂性。缺点是，过量的重量损失和凝固后细胞毒性可能导致水泥和相邻组织的临床降解，并刺激患者。
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