Thomas Jennifer, Bowes Nicola, Meyers Robert, Thirlaway Katie
School of Sport and Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, UK.
Ment Health Phys Act. 2021 Oct;21:100407. doi: 10.1016/j.mhpa.2021.100407. Epub 2021 May 27.
While lockdown restrictions in response to COVID-19 indisputably mitigated virus transmission, the aim of this longitudinal study was to establish indirect effects on vulnerable young people's mental well-being and physical activity (PA) levels.
Surveys conducted at time 1 (February 2020), and time 2 (April 2020) comprised of the short Warwick Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, and self-reported moderate and vigorous PA levels. Repeated measures analyses established changes pre-post lockdown restrictions, and differences between sub-groups. Associations between changes in well-being, self-esteem and PA over time were explored through further regression analyses.
65 respondents completed the survey at time 1, and 50 respondent at time 2. Wellbeing increased significantly over time, yet remained significantly lower than the population average. Self-esteem increased significantly post-lockdown, however remained significantly lower for females, compared with males. Overall, PA levels increased-whereby 'inactive' participants at time 1 reported significant increases in moderate and total activity levels at time 2. Increased PA levels significantly predicted increased well-being: (1, 48) = 4.15, < .05; while participants who had become active accounted for 69.2% with low self-esteem at time 2.
Findings indicate that increased PA accounted for improved mental well-being, while decreased PA was associated with reduced levels of self-esteem. PA may represent a modifiable means of mitigating risk, and promoting resilience for vulnerable young people experiencing adverse conditions.
尽管为应对新冠疫情而实施的封锁限制措施无疑减缓了病毒传播，但这项纵向研究的目的是确定其对脆弱的年轻人心理健康和身体活动（PA）水平的间接影响。
在第1阶段（2020年2月）和第2阶段（2020年4月）进行的调查包括简短的沃里克-爱丁堡心理健康量表、罗森伯格自尊量表以及自我报告的中等强度和剧烈强度的PA水平。重复测量分析确定了封锁限制措施前后的变化以及亚组之间的差异。通过进一步的回归分析探讨了幸福感、自尊和PA随时间变化之间的关联。
65名受访者在第1阶段完成了调查，50名受访者在第2阶段完成了调查。幸福感随时间显著增加，但仍显著低于总体平均水平。自尊在封锁后显著增加，但与男性相比，女性的自尊仍显著较低。总体而言，PA水平有所提高——第1阶段“不活跃”的参与者在第2阶段报告中等强度和总活动水平有显著增加。PA水平的提高显著预测了幸福感的增加：（1, 48） = 4.15， <.05；而在第2阶段变得活跃的参与者中有69.2%自尊心较低。
研究结果表明，PA的增加有助于改善心理健康，而PA的减少与自尊水平的降低有关。PA可能是一种可改变的手段，用于降低脆弱的年轻人在不利条件下的风险并促进其恢复力。
