College of Education and Human Development, University of North Dakota.
Department of Psychiatry, Division of Psychology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center.
Am Psychol. 2022 Feb-Mar;77(2):291-303. doi: 10.1037/amp0000826. Epub 2021 Nov 22.
This is a summary of the guidelines for working with low-income and economically marginalized (LIEM) people developed by the American Psychological Association (APA) task force and approved by the APA Council of Representatives. The task force, consisting of psychologists from a range of psychological specialties and both practice and educational settings, created guidelines in four main categories: Education and Training, Health Disparities, Treatment Considerations, and Career Concerns and Unemployment. Each category includes specific guidelines and recommended interventions. Further, the task force identified two major assumptions that cut across all of the recommendations: (1) The intersection of economic status and other identities is critical to psychological and other aspects of health, and (2) biases and stigma exacerbate the negative experiences of living with LIEM, and must be acknowledged and confronted by psychologists and trainees. Many of the guidelines and corollary interventions reinforce the need for psychologists and trainees to engage in activities that increase their own self-awareness and knowledge of issues and concerns that are exacerbated by economic marginalization, as well as challenge their own implicit and explicit biases related to social class and poverty. The impact of economic marginalization on education, health, and career attainment are addressed, and adaptations to psychological interventions are recommended. The task force concludes with a call to engage psychologists in action that seeks and promotes economic justice. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
这是美国心理协会 (APA) 工作组制定并经 APA 代表理事会批准的针对低收入和经济边缘化 (LIEM) 人群的工作指南摘要。该工作组由来自不同心理学专业和实践与教育环境的心理学家组成,制定了四大类指南:教育和培训、健康差异、治疗考虑因素以及职业关注和失业。每个类别都包含具体的指导方针和建议的干预措施。此外,工作组确定了贯穿所有建议的两个主要假设:(1)经济地位和其他身份的交集对心理和健康的其他方面至关重要,(2)偏见和污名将加剧与 LIEM 一起生活的负面体验,心理学家和受训者必须承认和面对这些偏见和污名。许多指导方针和相关干预措施都强调了心理学家和受训者需要参与一些活动,这些活动可以增加他们对自身经济边缘化加剧的问题和关注点的自我意识和了解,并挑战他们自己与社会阶层和贫困相关的隐性和显性偏见。还讨论了经济边缘化对教育、健康和职业成就的影响,并建议对心理干预措施进行调整。该工作组最后呼吁心理学家采取行动,寻求并促进经济正义。(PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2022 APA,保留所有权利)。