Department of Health Promotion Sciences, 48710University of Arizona, Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, Tucson, AZ, USA.
119961Institute of Nutrition of Central America and Panama, Guatemala.
Food Nutr Bull. 2021 Dec;42(4):502-519. doi: 10.1177/03795721211019638. Epub 2021 Jun 22.
As the incidence of overweight continues to increase among children and adolescents in Guatemala, underweight remains a prominent health problem. However, the prevalence of overweight or underweight and associated risk factors has not been investigated among adolescent girls.
To determine the prevalence of underweight and overweight/obesity and associated sociodemographic, dietary, and lifestyle factors among adolescent girls in Jutiapa, Guatemala.
A cross-sectional study of a subsample of 392 girls aged 12 to 17 years from an agriculture-nutrition trial was conducted. Anthropometric data were obtained using standard methods. Sociodemographic, dietary, and lifestyle data were collected using a structured questionnaire. Multivariable logistic regression was conducted using underweight (body mass index [BMI] for age < 5th percentile) and overweight/obesity (BMI for age ≥ 85th percentile) as outcome variables.
The prevalence of underweight and overweight/obesity was 9.9% and 15.6%, respectively. Age (15-17 years), high waist circumference, high blood pressure, father being a farmer, large family (> 5 persons), hours spent watching TV, and high red meat consumption were significantly associated with underweight. Whereas being in school, high waist circumference, high blood pressure, overweight/obese mother, unemployed father, watching TV for more than 2 hours, having soft drinks at home, and meeting fruit recommendations were significantly associated with overweight/obesity.
Our findings highlight the importance of concurrently addressing underweight and overweight/obesity among adolescent girls in rural Guatemala. Studies in various parts of the country are needed to confirm the results of the present study and for appropriate strategies to be implemented to reduce both underweight and overweight.
在危地马拉，儿童和青少年超重的发病率持续上升，而体重不足仍然是一个突出的健康问题。然而，超重或体重不足的流行率以及相关的社会人口学、饮食和生活方式因素在少女中尚未得到调查。
确定危地马拉胡蒂亚帕少女中体重不足和超重/肥胖的流行率以及相关的社会人口学、饮食和生活方式因素。
对一项农业-营养试验的 392 名 12 至 17 岁少女的亚样本进行了横断面研究。使用标准方法获得人体测量数据。使用结构化问卷收集社会人口学、饮食和生活方式数据。使用多变量逻辑回归分析体重不足（年龄别 BMI <第 5 百分位数）和超重/肥胖（年龄别 BMI ≥第 85 百分位数）作为因变量。
体重不足和超重/肥胖的患病率分别为 9.9%和 15.6%。年龄（15-17 岁）、高腰围、高血压、父亲是农民、大家庭（>5 人）、看电视时间、红肉摄入量高与体重不足显著相关。而在校、高腰围、高血压、超重/肥胖母亲、失业父亲、看电视超过 2 小时、家中饮用软饮料和达到水果推荐量与超重/肥胖显著相关。
我们的研究结果强调了同时解决危地马拉农村少女体重不足和超重/肥胖问题的重要性。需要在该国各地进行研究，以确认本研究的结果，并实施适当的策略来减少体重不足和超重。
