Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.
Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, University of Teramo, Teramo, Italy.
Nutrition. 2022 Feb;94:111511. doi: 10.1016/j.nut.2021.111511. Epub 2021 Oct 9.
After a chronic intestinal injury, several intestinal cells switch their phenotype to activated myofibroblasts, which in turn release an abnormal amount of extracellular matrix proteins, leading to the onset of the fibrotic process. To date, no resolutive pharmacological treatments are available, and the identification of new therapeutic approaches represents a crucial goal to achieve. The onset, maintenance, and progression of inflammatory bowel disease are related to abnormal intestinal immune responses to environmental factors, including diet and intestinal microflora components. This study aimed to evaluate the potential antiinflammatory and antifibrotic effect of a biologically debittered olive cream and its probiotic oral administration in an experimental model of dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced chronic colitis.
Chronic colitis was induced in mice by three cycles of oral administration of 2.5% DSS (5 d of DSS followed by 7 d of tap water). Mice were randomly divided into five groups: 10 control mice fed with standard diet (SD), 20 mice receiving SD and DSS (SD+DSS), 20 mice receiving an enriched diet (ED) with olive cream and DSS (ED+DSS), 20 mice receiving SD plus probiotics (PB; Lactiplantibacillus plantarum IMC513) and DSS (SD+PB+DSS), and 20 mice receiving ED plus PB and DSS (ED+ PB+DSS). Clinical features and large bowel macroscopic, histologic, and immunohistochemical findings were evaluated.
The simultaneous administration of ED and PB induced a significant reduction in macroscopic and microscopic colitis scores compared with the other DSS-treated groups. In addition, ED and PB led to a significant decrease in the expression of inflammatory cytokines and profibrotic molecules.
The concomitant oral administration of a diet enriched with biologically debittered olive cream and a specific probiotic strain (Lactiplantibacillus plantarum IMC513) can exert synergistic antiinflammatory and antifibrotic action in DSS-induced chronic colitis. Further studies are needed to define the cellular and molecular mechanisms modulated by olive cream compounds and by Lactiplantibacillus plantarum IMC513.
在慢性肠道损伤后，几种肠道细胞表型转变为激活的肌成纤维细胞，肌成纤维细胞反过来会释放异常数量的细胞外基质蛋白，从而引发纤维化过程。迄今为止，尚无有效的治疗方法，因此确定新的治疗方法是一个关键目标。炎症性肠病的发生、维持和进展与肠道对环境因素（包括饮食和肠道微生物群成分）的异常免疫反应有关。本研究旨在评估生物脱苦橄榄奶油及其益生菌口服给药在葡聚糖硫酸钠（DSS）诱导的慢性结肠炎实验模型中的潜在抗炎和抗纤维化作用。
通过口服 2.5% DSS（5 天 DSS 后 7 天自来水）的三个循环诱导小鼠慢性结肠炎。将小鼠随机分为五组：10 只对照小鼠喂食标准饮食（SD），20 只接受 SD 和 DSS（SD+DSS），20 只接受富含橄榄油奶油的饮食（ED）和 DSS（ED+DSS），20 只接受 SD 加益生菌（PB；植物乳杆菌 IMC513）和 DSS（SD+PB+DSS），20 只接受 ED 加 PB 和 DSS（ED+ PB+DSS）。评估了临床特征和大肠大体、组织学和免疫组织化学发现。
同时给予 ED 和 PB 可使与其他 DSS 治疗组相比，宏观和微观结肠炎评分显著降低。此外，ED 和 PB 导致炎症细胞因子和促纤维化分子的表达显著减少。
富含生物脱苦橄榄奶油的饮食和特定益生菌（植物乳杆菌 IMC513）的口服联合给药可在 DSS 诱导的慢性结肠炎中发挥协同抗炎和抗纤维化作用。需要进一步研究来确定橄榄奶油化合物和植物乳杆菌 IMC513 调节的细胞和分子机制。
