Sport and Health Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UNITED KINGDOM.
Nike Sport Research Laboratory, Beaverton, OR.
Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2022 Apr 1;54(4):633-645. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000002832.
We tested the hypotheses that a highly cushioned running shoe (HCS) would 1) improve incremental exercise performance and reduce the oxygen cost (Oc) of submaximal running, and 2) attenuate the deterioration in Oc elicited by muscle damage consequent to a downhill run.
Thirty-two recreationally active participants completed an incremental treadmill test in an HCS and a control running shoe (CON) for the determination of Oc and maximal performance. Subsequently, participants were pair matched and randomly assigned to one of the two footwear conditions to perform a moderate-intensity running bout before and 48 h after a 30-min downhill run designed to elicit muscle damage.
Incremental treadmill test performance was improved (+5.7%; +1:16 min:ss; P < 0.01) in the HCS when assessed in the nondamaged state, relative to CON. This coincided with a significantly lower Oc (-3.2%; -6 mL·kg-1·km-1; P < 0.001) at a range of running speeds and an increase in the speed corresponding to 3 mM blood lactate (+3.2%; +0.4 km·h-1; P < 0.05). As anticipated, the downhill run resulted in significant changes in biochemical, histological, and perceptual markers of muscle damage, and a significant increase in Oc (+5.2%; 10.1 mL·kg-1·km-1) was observed 48 h post. In the presence of muscle damage, Oc was significantly lower in HCS (-4.6%; -10 mL·kg-1·km-1) compared with CON.
These results indicate that HCS improved incremental exercise performance and Oc in the absence of muscle damage and show, for the first time, that despite worsening of Oc consequent to muscle damage, improved Oc in HCS is maintained.
我们检验了两个假设，即高度缓冲跑鞋（HCS）会 1）提高递增运动表现，降低亚最大跑步的耗氧量（Oc），以及 2）减轻因下坡跑导致的肌肉损伤引起的 Oc 恶化。
32 名休闲活跃的参与者在 HCS 和对照跑鞋（CON）中完成了递增跑步机测试，以确定 Oc 和最大性能。随后，参与者按对匹配并随机分配到两种鞋类条件之一，在 30 分钟下坡跑引起肌肉损伤后 48 小时内进行中等强度跑步。
在未受损状态下，与 CON 相比，HCS 中的递增跑步机测试表现得到了改善（+5.7%；+1:16 分钟：ss；P < 0.01）。这与在各种跑步速度下显著较低的 Oc（-3.2%；-6 毫升·千克-1·公里-1；P < 0.001）和 3 毫摩尔血液乳酸对应的速度增加（+3.2%；+0.4 公里·小时-1；P < 0.05）相一致。正如预期的那样，下坡跑导致肌肉损伤的生化、组织学和知觉标志物发生了显著变化，并且在 48 小时后观察到 Oc 显著增加（+5.2%；10.1 毫升·千克-1·公里-1）。在肌肉损伤的情况下，HCS 中的 Oc 明显低于 CON（-4.6%；-10 毫升·千克-1·公里-1）。
这些结果表明，HCS 在没有肌肉损伤的情况下提高了递增运动表现和 Oc，并且首次表明，尽管由于肌肉损伤导致 Oc 恶化，但 HCS 中的 Oc 改善仍得以维持。
