Centro Universitário FMABC, Santo André, SP, Brazil.
Einstein (Sao Paulo). 2021 Nov 22;19:eAO6584. doi: 10.31744/einstein_journal/2021AO6584. eCollection 2021.
To determine the prevalence and types of violence suffered by women and to identify the gender attitudes related to the situation.
This was a descritive, cross-sectional study incluiding 343 women who were assisted at the Brazilian Public Health System in countryside city in northeastern of Brazil. All participants were volunteers and they invited to participate during consultation at a Basic Health Unit. As participants, they filled out the World Health Organization Violence Against Women Questionnaire and responded to a sociodemographic questionnaire.
The victims were, on average, 20.3 years old, and 53.2% of them were married. There was a prevalence of 52.9% of psychological violence, 30.5% of physical violence, and 12.3% of sexual violence. Participants reported alcoholism (67%) and jealousy (60.8%) as triggers to violence. The main psychological abuses were insults and humiliation. In terms of physical violence, the major ones were pushes and slaps. The sexual violence most reportedwere sexual intercourse against the will of the woman and sexual intercourse because of fear of the partner. A portion of the participants justified violence due to women's infidelity, refusal to have sex, and disobedience to her husband.
Education in gender equality as a measure of opposition to the culture of female subjugation can reflect on the resignification of the violence suffered by them, and not on blaming the victim of violence by an intimate partner.
确定妇女遭受暴力的普遍性和类型，并确定与这种情况相关的性别态度。
这是一项描述性、横断面研究，共纳入 343 名在巴西东北部农村城市的巴西公共卫生系统接受治疗的女性。所有参与者均为志愿者，并在基层卫生单位就诊时受邀参加。作为参与者，他们填写了世界卫生组织针对妇女的暴力调查问卷，并回答了一份社会人口学问卷。
受害者的平均年龄为 20.3 岁，其中 53.2%已婚。心理暴力的患病率为 52.9%，身体暴力为 30.5%，性暴力为 12.3%。参与者报告了酒精中毒（67%）和嫉妒（60.8%）是暴力的触发因素。主要的心理虐待是侮辱和羞辱。在身体暴力方面，主要的形式是推搡和拍打。最常报告的性暴力是违背妇女意愿的性交和因害怕伴侣而发生的性交。一部分参与者认为，由于妇女的不忠、拒绝发生性行为和不服从丈夫而对其实施暴力是合理的。
将性别平等教育作为反对女性屈从文化的一种措施，可以反映出她们所遭受暴力的重新意义，而不是将暴力的受害者归咎于亲密伴侣。
