School of Management, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, China.
Front Public Health. 2021 Nov 8;9:782251. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.782251. eCollection 2021.
As a vital source of the demographic dividend, migrant workers living in urban villages have positively contributed to urban economic development and the improvement of urbanization. Although urban villages have had a great impact on public health due to the shabby environments and poor public safety, the large-scale demolition of the urban villages, the supply of affordable housing for migrant workers has decreased drastically, which may lead to the outflow of many migrant workers and consequently affects the sustainable operations of cities. Therefore, this paper takes Hangzhou as an example to study the impact of urban village redevelopment on migrant workers and their migration decisions during urban village redevelopment process. The finding indicates that migrant workers are significantly impacted by large-scale demolition. (1) The number of affected migrant workers is huge. For example, 657,000 migrant workers who lived in around 178 urban villages are affected in Hangzhou (34,468 households). (2) The increase in rent is obvious. (3) Strong expulsion effect: nearly 1/3 migrant workers will decide to leave the city because of the demolition. Furthermore, our binary logistic regression model suggests that the commuting time, living satisfactory, and the rent affordability are factors significantly affecting migration workers' decision to leave and stay in the city. The housing quality and comfort indicators are not significant. This indicates that convenience for employment and high rent avoidance are the major characteristics of migrant workers' housing choice. Hence, in addition to considering whether the harsh environment is harmful to the public health of urban and residents, the interest and characteristics of migrant workers should be considered during the current urban village demolition process. While simply demolishing urban villages, government needs to provide a relatively sufficient amount of low-cost and affordable housing for migrant workers in case migrant workers leave the city in large numbers due to lack of suitable housing in the city.
作为人口红利的重要来源，居住在城市村中的农民工为城市经济发展和城市化水平的提高做出了积极贡献。尽管城市村的简陋环境和较差的公共安全对公共卫生产生了巨大影响，但大规模的城市村拆迁导致农民工负担得起的住房供应大幅减少，可能导致许多农民工外流，进而影响城市的可持续运营。因此，本文以杭州为例，研究城市村拆迁对农民工及其在城市村拆迁过程中迁移决策的影响。研究结果表明，农民工受到大规模拆迁的显著影响。（1）受影响的农民工数量巨大。例如，杭州约 178 个城市村中居住的 65.7 万名农民工（34468 户）受到影响。（2）租金明显上涨。（3）强烈的驱逐效应：近 1/3 的农民工将因拆迁决定离开城市。此外，我们的二元逻辑回归模型表明，通勤时间、居住满意度和租金承受能力是影响迁移工人离开和留在城市的决策的因素。住房质量和舒适度指标并不显著。这表明，就业便利性和高租金规避是农民工住房选择的主要特征。因此，在当前的城市村拆迁过程中，除了考虑恶劣环境是否对城市和居民的公共健康有害外，还应考虑农民工的利益和特点。在简单地拆除城市村时，政府需要为农民工提供相对充足的低成本和负担得起的住房，以防止因城市缺乏合适住房而导致大量农民工离开城市。
