SCUT-Zhuhai Institute of Modern Industrial Innovation, School of Food Science and Engineering, Overseas Expertise Introduction Center for Discipline Innovation of Food Nutrition and Human Health, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; Research Institute for Future Food, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
Research Institute for Future Food, Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
Carbohydr Polym. 2022 Jan 15;276:118738. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118738. Epub 2021 Oct 9.
Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are a unique class of non-digestible carbohydrates present in the mother milk, which play a key role in the development of infant gut microbiota, epithelial barrier and immune function. The deficiency of HMOs in the bovine milk-based infant formula has been widely recognized as a major culprit for the much higher incidence of immune disorders of formula-fed infants. This report was to give an up-to-date review on the structure characteristics of HMOs and the possible mechanisms, and strategies for their cellular uptake, and metabolism by the gut bacteria and the associated effects on the infant gut microbiome, and immune function. Most previous studies have been carried out in animals or in vitro model systems on the utilization strategies for HMOs in infant bacteria and their roles in infant microbiome, and gut immune function. A few HMO molecules have been synthesized artificially and applied in infant formulas.
人乳寡糖（HMOs）是母乳中存在的一类独特的非消化性碳水化合物，在婴儿肠道微生物群、上皮屏障和免疫功能的发育中发挥着关键作用。牛乳制品婴儿配方奶粉中 HMOs 的缺乏已被广泛认为是配方喂养婴儿免疫紊乱发生率更高的主要原因。本报告对 HMOs 的结构特征及其可能的机制进行了最新的综述，以及肠道细菌对其摄取和代谢的策略，以及对婴儿肠道微生物组和免疫功能的相关影响。以前的大多数研究都是在动物或体外模型系统中进行的，研究了婴儿细菌中 HMOs 的利用策略及其在婴儿微生物组和肠道免疫功能中的作用。一些 HMO 分子已被人工合成并应用于婴儿配方奶粉中。
