Lekko Yusuf Madaki, Che-Amat Azlan, Ooi Peck Toung, Omar Sharina, Ramanoon Siti Zubaidah, Mazlan Mazlina, Jesse Faez Firdaus Abdullah, Jasni Sabri, Ariff Abdul-Razak Mohd Firdaus
Department of Veterinary Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang 43400, Selangor, Malaysia.
Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universiti of Maidugu-ri, Maiduguri PMB 1069, Borno State, Nigeria.
Animals (Basel). 2021 Nov 13;11(11):3252. doi: 10.3390/ani11113252.
Wild animals are considered reservoirs, contributing to the transmission of emerging zoonotic diseases such as tuberculosis (TB). A cross-sectional study was conducted by opportunistic sampling from fresh carcasses of free-ranging wild boar ( = 30), and free-ranging wild macaques ( = 42). Stained smears from these tissues were tested for acid-fast bacilli (AFB) with Ziehl-Neelsen staining. Mycobacterial culture was conducted using Lowenstein-Jensen media and Middlebrook 7H11 agar media. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed through the detection of the 16S rRNA gene, with multiple sets of primers for the detection of complex (MTBC) and complex (MAC). In wild boars, 30% (9/30; 95% Confidence Interval: 16.7-47.9%) of examined samples showed gross tuberculosis-like lesions (TBLLs). Multiple nodular lesions that were necrotic/miliary with cavitation were found in the submandibular lymph nodes, tonsils, lungs, kidney and liver, while single nodular lesions were found in the mediastinal lymph nodes, spleen and mesenteric lymph nodes. Conventional PCR on the submandibular lymphoid tissues of wild boar (nine samples with TBLLs and three non-TBLL samples) showed that 75% (9/12) were positive for (95% CI: 46.8-91.1), and 91% (CI: 64.6-98.5) were positive for . For macaques, 33.3% (10/30) were positive for (95% CI: 19.2-51.2) but negative for MTBC.
野生动物被视为病原体宿主，它们会促使结核病（TB）等新发人畜共患病的传播。本研究采用机会性抽样方法，对30只散养野猪和42只散养猕猴的新鲜尸体进行了横断面研究。对这些组织的染色涂片进行齐-尼氏染色，检测抗酸杆菌（AFB）。采用罗-琴培养基和Middlebrook 7H11琼脂培养基进行分枝杆菌培养。通过检测16S rRNA基因进行聚合酶链反应（PCR），使用多组引物检测结核分枝杆菌复合群（MTBC）和鸟分枝杆菌复合群（MAC）。在野猪中，30%（9/30；95%置信区间：16.7 - 47.9%）的检测样本显示出类似结核病的大体病变（TBLLs）。在下颌下淋巴结、扁桃体、肺、肾和肝脏中发现了多个坏死/粟粒状并伴有空洞的结节性病变，而在纵隔淋巴结、脾脏和肠系膜淋巴结中发现了单个结节性病变。对野猪下颌下淋巴组织（9个有TBLLs的样本和3个无TBLLs的样本）进行的常规PCR检测显示，75%（9/12）的样本结核分枝杆菌复合群检测呈阳性（95%置信区间：46.8 - 91.1），91%（置信区间：64.6 - 98.5）的样本鸟分枝杆菌复合群检测呈阳性。对于猕猴，33.3%（10/30）的样本鸟分枝杆菌复合群检测呈阳性（95%置信区间：19.2 - 51.2），但结核分枝杆菌复合群检测呈阴性。
