Paulsamy Premalatha, Ashraf Rizwan, Alshahrani Shadia Hamoud, Periannan Kalaiselvi, Qureshi Absar Ahmed, Venkatesan Krishnaraju, Manoharan Vani, Govindasamy Natarajan, Prabahar Kousalya, Arumugam Tamilselvi, Venkatesan Kumar, Chidambaram Kumarappan, Kandasamy Geetha, Vasudevan Rajalakshimi, Krishnaraju Kalpana
College of Nursing, Mahalah Branch for Girls King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Lahore, Lahore 55150, Pakistan.
Healthcare (Basel). 2021 Nov 22;9(11):1607. doi: 10.3390/healthcare9111607.
Diabetes mellitus is a major public health issue that considerably impacts mortality, morbidity, and healthcare costs worldwide. The COVID-19 pandemic has created havoc in diabetes management, too, like other spectrums of life. A descriptive, cross-sectional study was adopted to determine the effect of Social Support, Self-Care Behaviour and Self-Efficacy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2D) during this COVID-19 pandemic. Two hundred T2D patients who satisfied the inclusion criteria were chosen using a convenient sampling procedure. The tool consists of four sections, including socio-demographic characteristics, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), revised Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities (SDSCA) Scale and modified Diabetes Management Self-Efficacy Scale (DMS). Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the obtained data. The mean and SD of diabetic management self-efficacy is 5.74 (1.95) and 4.37 (1.4), respectively, for patients with HbA1c < 6.5% and HbA1c ≥ 6.5%. The self-care activities of the patients who had good glycemic control were 4.31 (2.06) compared to 3.50 (1.73) who did not. The social support received by the patients was 6.13 (2.13) vs. 5.31 (1.67) among patients with glycemic control vs. no control. The results show that social support ( = 0.04), self-efficacy ( =0.01) and self-care activities ( = 0.001) were significantly related to the level of glycemic control of the T2D patients. A significant relationship was also identified between gender ( = 0.036), age ( = 0.001) and education status ( = 0.000) with HbA1c control of the participants. This study demonstrates a significant relationship between social support, self-care behaviours, self-efficacy and glycemic management in T2D patients. During this COVID-19 pandemic, interventions to enhance the self-care activities like exercise and social support to boost their self-efficacy; for better diabetes management, reducing diabetes complications or prolonging their onset are the need of the hour.
糖尿病是一个重大的公共卫生问题，在全球范围内对死亡率、发病率和医疗成本产生了重大影响。与生活的其他方面一样，新冠疫情也给糖尿病管理带来了严重破坏。本研究采用描述性横断面研究方法，以确定在新冠疫情期间社会支持、自我护理行为和自我效能感对2型糖尿病（T2D）的影响。采用便利抽样程序选取了200名符合纳入标准的T2D患者。该工具包括四个部分，包括社会人口学特征、多维感知社会支持量表（MSPSS）、修订后的糖尿病自我护理活动总结量表（SDSCA）和改良的糖尿病管理自我效能量表（DMS）。使用描述性和推断性统计方法对获得的数据进行分析。糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）<6.5%和HbA1c≥6.5%的患者，糖尿病管理自我效能感的均值和标准差分别为5.74（1.95）和4.37（1.4）。血糖控制良好的患者自我护理活动评分为4.31（2.06），而血糖控制不佳的患者为3.50（1.73）。血糖控制组患者获得的社会支持评分为6.13（2.13），未控制组为5.31（1.67）。结果表明，社会支持（=0.04）、自我效能感（=0.01）和自我护理活动（=0.001）与T2D患者的血糖控制水平显著相关。还发现性别（=0.036）、年龄（=0.001）和教育程度（=0.000）与参与者的HbA1c控制之间存在显著关系。本研究表明，社会支持、自我护理行为、自我效能感与T2D患者的血糖管理之间存在显著关系。在新冠疫情期间，需要采取干预措施来加强自我护理活动，如锻炼，并提供社会支持以增强自我效能感；为了更好地管理糖尿病，减少糖尿病并发症或延缓其发生迫在眉睫。
