Temviriyanukul Piya, Kittibunchakul Suwapat, Trisonthi Piyapat, Inthachat Woorawee, Siriwan Dalad, Suttisansanee Uthaiwan
Food and Nutrition Academic and Research Cluster, Institute of Nutrition, Mahidol University, Salaya, Phuttamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand.
Institute of Food Research and Product Development, Kasetsart University, Chatuchak, Bangkok 10900, Thailand.
Foods. 2021 Oct 27;10(11):2600. doi: 10.3390/foods10112600.
Thailand is located in the tropics and a wide variety of fruits are grown commercially. However, studies regarding the phytonutrients, anti-mutagenic and chemopreventive effects of these fruits are limited. Thus, phytochemical profiles and inhibition of key enzymes involved in obesity and diabetes, together with anti-mutagenic and chemopreventive properties of eight tropical fruit extracts cultivated in Thailand, including 'Kimju', 'Keenok', 'Pattavia', 'Phulae', 'Chanee', 'Monthong', 'Khaekdum' and 'Namdokmai' were investigated. Different cultivars were also compared. Results showed that 'Namdokmai' was the most antioxidant-rich extract containing abundant 4-hydroxybenzoic acid and its derivative, gallic acid, as the main phenolics. 'Namdokmai' also exhibited high inhibitory capacities (>60% inhibition under studied conditions) against lipase, α-amylase and α-glucosidase, key enzymes as drug targets for controlling obesity and type 2 diabetes. Interestingly, all fruit extracts suppressed food mutagen-induced DNA mutations assayed by the Ames test, especially 'Namdokmai' and 'Khaekdum' (>50% inhibition at 200 µg/plate). The 'Namdokmai' was also the most potent extract for suppression of cancer promotion (>90% inhibition at 200 µg/mL) followed by 'Kimju', 'Keenok' and 'Khaekdum'. Results potentially indicated that fruit intake after overcooked meat consumption might supplement nutrients and fiber and also reduce DNA mutation sources.
泰国位于热带地区，有多种水果进行商业化种植。然而，关于这些水果的植物营养素、抗诱变和化学预防作用的研究有限。因此，对泰国种植的八种热带水果提取物的植物化学特征、对肥胖和糖尿病相关关键酶的抑制作用以及抗诱变和化学预防特性进行了研究，这八种水果包括“金珠”、“基诺克”、“帕塔维亚”、“富莱”、“差尼”、“蒙通”、“凯杜姆”和“南多迈”。同时还对不同品种进行了比较。结果表明，“南多迈”是抗氧化剂含量最高的提取物，含有丰富的4-羟基苯甲酸及其衍生物没食子酸作为主要酚类物质。“南多迈”对脂肪酶、α-淀粉酶和α-葡萄糖苷酶也表现出高抑制能力（在研究条件下抑制率>60%），这些关键酶是控制肥胖和2型糖尿病的药物靶点。有趣的是，所有水果提取物都能抑制艾姆斯试验检测的食物诱变剂诱导的DNA突变，尤其是“南多迈”和“凯杜姆”（在200 µg/平板时抑制率>50%）。“南多迈”也是抑制癌症促进作用最有效的提取物（在200 µg/mL时抑制率>90%），其次是“金珠”、“基诺克”和“凯杜姆”。结果可能表明，在食用过度烹饪的肉类后摄入水果可能补充营养和纤维，还能减少DNA突变源。
