Dinu Daniel Grigorie, Ricciardi Valentina, Demarco Cosimo, Zingarofalo Gianroberto, De Lorenzis Gabriella, Buccolieri Riccardo, Cola Gabriele, Rustioni Laura
Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche ed Ambientali, Università del Salento, S.P. 6 Lecce-Monteroni, 73100 Lecce, Italy.
Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Celoria, 20133 Milano, Italy.
Foods. 2021 Nov 11;10(11):2769. doi: 10.3390/foods10112769.
The effects of global warming on plants are not limited to the exacerbation of summer stresses; they could also induce dormancy dysfunctions. In January 2020, a bud break was observed in an old poly-varietal vineyard. Meteorological data elaboration of the 1951-2020 period confirmed the general climatic warming of the area and highlighted the particular high temperatures of the last winter. Phenological records appeared to be significantly correlated to wood hydration and starch reserve consumption, demonstrating a systemic response of the plant to the warm conditions. The eight cultivars, identified by single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) profiles and ampelographic description, grown in this vineyard showed different behaviors. Among them, the neglected Sprino, Baresana, Bianco Palmento, and Uva Gerusalemme, as well as the interspecific hybrid Seyve Villard 12.375, appeared to be the most interesting. Among the adaptation strategies to climate changes, the cultivar selection should be considered a priority, as it reduces the inputs required for the plant management over the entire life cycle of the vineyard. Hot Mediterranean areas, such as Salento, are a battlefront against the climate change impacts, and, thus, they represent a precious source of biodiversity for viticulture.
全球变暖对植物的影响不仅限于加剧夏季压力；还可能导致休眠功能失调。2020年1月，在一个古老的多品种葡萄园里观察到了芽萌发现象。对1951 - 2020年期间气象数据的分析证实了该地区普遍的气候变暖，并突出显示了上一个冬季特别高的温度。物候记录似乎与木材含水量和淀粉储备消耗显著相关，表明植物对温暖条件的系统性反应。在这个葡萄园种植的通过单核苷酸多态性（SNP）图谱和葡萄品种描述鉴定的八个品种表现出不同的行为。其中，被忽视的斯普里诺、巴雷萨纳、白帕尔门托和耶路撒冷葡萄，以及种间杂交品种塞维·维拉尔12.375，似乎是最有趣的。在应对气候变化的适应策略中，品种选择应被视为优先事项，因为它减少了葡萄园整个生命周期内植物管理所需的投入。像萨伦托这样炎热的地中海地区是抵御气候变化影响的前沿阵地，因此，它们是葡萄栽培宝贵的生物多样性来源。
