CNRS, LaPSCo, Physiological and Psychosocial Stress, University Clermont Auvergne, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
Preventive and Occupational Medicine, University Hospital of Clermont-Ferrand, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Nov 16;18(22):12044. doi: 10.3390/ijerph182212044.
We aimed to evaluate the prevalence of burnout among French general practitioners in private practice and to study the risk and protective factors of burnout.
A nationwide cross-sectional study was conducted with French GPs working in a private practice in France who were asked to fulfil an internet questionnaire. We used the secure internet application REDCap. Exclusion criteria were only working in a hospital, substitute doctors, and internship students. There was a putative sample size of 88,886 GPs. We retrieved the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), occupational characteristics (type of installation, emergency regulated shifts, night shifts, university supervisor, weekly hours worked, seniority), and personal characteristics such as age, gender, marital status, and number of children.
We included 1926 GPs among the 2602 retrieved questionnaires. A total of 44.8% of French liberal GPs were experiencing burnout, with 4.8% (95%CI 3.9-5.9%) experiencing severe burnout. The risk factors of severe burnout were male gender (RR = 1.91, 95%CI 1.15-3.16), working in a suburban area (5.23, 2.18-12.58), and having more than 28 appointments per day (1.95, 1.19-3.19). Working more than 50 h weekly showed a tendency to increase the risk of severe burnout (1.55, 0.93-2.59, = 0.095), with a significant increase in the risk of low and moderate burnout (1.31, 1.02-1.67 and 1.86, 1.34-2.57, respectively). Protective factors were mainly resident training, which decreased the risk of both low, moderate, and severe burnout (0.65, 0.51-0.83; 0.66, 0.48-0.92; and 0.42, 95%CI 0.23-0.76, respectively). Performing home visits decreased the risk of severe burnout (0.25, 0.13-0.47), as did group practice for intermediate level of burnout (0.71, 0.51-0.96).
GPs are at a high risk of burnout, with nearly half of them in burnout, with burnout predominantly affecting males and those between the ages of 50 and 60 years old. The main risk factors were a high workload with more than 28 appointments per day or 50 h of work per week, and the main protective factors were related to social cohesion such having a teaching role and working in a group practice with back-office support.
我们旨在评估法国私人执业全科医生的倦怠流行率，并研究倦怠的风险和保护因素。
对在法国私人执业的法国全科医生进行了一项全国性的横断面研究，要求他们填写一份互联网问卷。我们使用了安全的互联网应用程序 REDCap。排除标准仅为仅在医院工作、替代医生和实习学生。假设的样本量为 88886 名全科医生。我们检索了 Maslach 倦怠量表（MBI）、职业特征（安装类型、紧急调节班次、夜班、大学主管、每周工作时间、工作年限）和个人特征，如年龄、性别、婚姻状况和子女数量。
在检索到的 2602 份问卷中，我们纳入了 1926 名全科医生。共有 44.8%的法国自由执业全科医生经历了倦怠，其中 4.8%（95%CI 3.9-5.9%）经历了严重的倦怠。严重倦怠的风险因素为男性（RR=1.91，95%CI 1.15-3.16）、在郊区工作（5.23，2.18-12.58）和每天就诊次数超过 28 次（1.95，1.19-3.19）。每周工作超过 50 小时显示出增加严重倦怠风险的趋势（1.55，0.93-2.59， = 0.095），并显著增加了低度和中度倦怠的风险（1.31，1.02-1.67 和 1.86，1.34-2.57，分别）。保护因素主要是住院医师培训，它降低了低度、中度和重度倦怠的风险（0.65，0.51-0.83；0.66，0.48-0.92；0.42，95%CI 0.23-0.76，分别）。进行家访降低了严重倦怠的风险（0.25，0.13-0.47），小组实践也降低了中度倦怠的风险（0.71，0.51-0.96）。
全科医生倦怠的风险很高，近一半的人处于倦怠状态，倦怠主要影响男性和 50 至 60 岁之间的人群。主要风险因素是每天就诊次数超过 28 次或每周工作 50 小时以上，主要保护因素与社会凝聚力有关，如具有教学作用和在有后台支持的小组实践中工作。
