Saied Essa M, El-Maradny Yousra A, Osman Alaa A, Darwish Amira M G, Abo Nahas Hebatallah H, Niedbała Gniewko, Piekutowska Magdalena, Abdel-Rahman Mohamed A, Balbool Bassem A, Abdel-Azeem Ahmed M
Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt.
Institute for Chemistry, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Str. 2, 12489 Berlin, Germany.
Pharmaceutics. 2021 Oct 21;13(11):1759. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13111759.
In 2019, the world suffered from the emergence of COVID-19 infection, one of the most difficult pandemics in recent history. Millions of confirmed deaths from this pandemic have been reported worldwide. This disaster was caused by SARS-CoV-2, which is the last discovered member of the family of . Various studies have shown that natural compounds have effective antiviral properties against coronaviruses by inhibiting multiple viral targets, including spike proteins and viral enzymes. This review presents the classification and a detailed explanation of the SARS-CoV-2 molecular characteristics and structure-function relationships. We present all currently available crystal structures of different SARS-CoV-2 proteins and emphasized on the crystal structure of different virus proteins and the binding modes of their ligands. This review also discusses the various therapeutic approaches for COVID-19 treatment and available vaccinations. In addition, we highlight and compare the existing data about natural compounds extracted from algae, fungi, plants, and scorpion venom that were used as antiviral agents against SARS-CoV-2 infection. Moreover, we discuss the repurposing of select approved therapeutic agents that have been used in the treatment of other viruses.
2019年，全球遭遇了新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）感染的爆发，这是近代历史上最严重的大流行病之一。全球已报告数百万例因该大流行病导致的确诊死亡病例。这场灾难是由严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）引起的，它是该病毒家族中最后被发现的成员。各种研究表明，天然化合物通过抑制包括刺突蛋白和病毒酶在内的多个病毒靶点，对冠状病毒具有有效的抗病毒特性。本综述介绍了SARS-CoV-2的分子特征和结构-功能关系的分类及详细解释。我们展示了不同SARS-CoV-2蛋白目前所有可用的晶体结构，并着重介绍了不同病毒蛋白的晶体结构及其配体的结合模式。本综述还讨论了COVID-19治疗的各种方法和可用疫苗。此外，我们强调并比较了从藻类、真菌、植物和蝎毒中提取的用作抗SARS-CoV-2感染抗病毒剂的天然化合物的现有数据。此外，我们还讨论了已批准用于治疗其他病毒的精选治疗药物的重新利用。
