Wong Martin C S, Wong Eliza L Y, Cheung Annie W L, Huang Junjie, Lai Christopher K C, Yeoh Eng Kiong, Chan Paul K S
JC School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
Centre for Health Systems & Policy Research, JC School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
Vaccines (Basel). 2021 Oct 28;9(11):1250. doi: 10.3390/vaccines9111250.
Vaccine hesitancy represents one of the major global health issues around the world. We examined the perception, attitude, perceived barriers and facilitation measures of receiving the COVID-19 vaccine in a Chinese population with free vaccine choices (Sinovac [Coronavac] vs. BioNTech/Fosun [Comirnaty]) and adequate doses.
We conducted a random telephone survey of the general population in 1195 subjects aged 18 years or above from 23 April 2021 to 8 May 2021 after two months of vaccine rollout. A descriptive analysis of the levels of enabling factors, obstacles and perception of COVID-19 vaccination was conducted using ANOVA and Chi-square tests for trend.
Only 10.1% and 13.5% had received one and two COVID-19 vaccine doses, respectively. Among those who had not received any COVID-19 vaccine (75.4%), only 25.1% expressed their intention to receive in the coming 6 months. The barriers with the highest scores included "having heard of cases with serious adverse events or death after vaccination" (score: 8.17 out 10, 95% C.I. 7.99, 8.35), "lack of confidence on governmental recommendations" (7.69, 95% C.I. 7.47, 7.91), and "waiting for a better vaccine" (7.29, 95% C.I. 7.07, 7.52). The highest score for the impact of various incentives for vaccination was for "vaccine passports for overseas travel" (4.44, 95% C.I. 4.18, 4.71).
Vaccine hesitancy is commonly observed in this Chinese population despite adequate provision of vaccine doses and choices. No single incentive is strong enough to promote vaccination, and multiple facilitation measures for different groups of population are needed to encourage vaccine uptake. Active clarification and promotion by medical professionals together with a variety of incentives are needed to drive vaccine uptake.
疫苗犹豫是全球主要的健康问题之一。我们在中国人群中调查了对新冠疫苗接种的认知、态度、感知到的障碍及促进措施，该人群可免费选择疫苗（科兴[克尔来福]与复星医药/辉瑞[复必泰]）且疫苗供应充足。
在疫苗推出两个月后的2021年4月23日至2021年5月8日，我们对1195名18岁及以上的普通人群进行了随机电话调查。使用方差分析和趋势卡方检验对新冠疫苗接种的促成因素、障碍及认知水平进行描述性分析。
分别仅有10.1%和13.5%的人接种了一剂和两剂新冠疫苗。在未接种任何新冠疫苗的人群中（75.4%），仅有25.1%表示打算在未来6个月内接种。得分最高的障碍包括“听说过接种后出现严重不良事件或死亡的病例”（得分：10分制中为8.17分，95%置信区间7.99，8.35）、“对政府建议缺乏信心”（7.69分，95%置信区间7.47，7.91）以及“等待更好的疫苗”（7.29分，95%置信区间7.07，7.52）。各种疫苗接种激励措施影响得分最高地是“海外旅行疫苗通行证”（4.44分，95%置信区间4.18，4.71）。
尽管疫苗供应充足且有多种选择，但在中国人群中普遍存在疫苗犹豫现象。没有单一的激励措施足以促进疫苗接种，需要针对不同人群采取多种促进措施来鼓励疫苗接种。需要医学专业人员进行积极的澄清和宣传，并辅以各种激励措施来推动疫苗接种。
