Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm U996, Inflammation, Microbiome and Immunosurveillance, 32 rue des carnets, 92140 Clamart, France.
AP-HP, Hepato-Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Hôpital Antoine-Béclère, 92140 Clamart, France.
Nutrients. 2021 Oct 22;13(11):3725. doi: 10.3390/nu13113725.
Pectin, a soluble fiber, improves non-alcoholic fatty-liver disease (NAFLD), but its mechanisms are unclear. We aimed to investigate the role of pectin-induced changes in intestinal microbiota (IM) in NAFLD. We recovered the IM from mice fed a high-fat diet, treated or not with pectin, to perform a fecal microbiota transfer (FMT). Mice fed a high-fat diet, which induces NAFLD, were treated with pectin or received a fecal microbiota transfer (FMT) from mice treated with pectin before (preventive FMT) or after (curative FMT) being fed a high-fat diet. Pectin prevented the development of NAFLD, induced browning of adipose tissue, and modified the IM without increasing the abundance of proteobacteria. Preventive FMT also induced browning of white adipose tissue but did not improve liver steatosis, in contrast to curative FMT, which induced an improvement in steatosis. This was associated with an increase in the concentration of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), in contrast to preventive FMT, which induced an increase in the concentration of branched SCFAs. Overall, we show that the effect of pectin may be partially mediated by gut bacteria.
果胶是一种可溶性纤维，可改善非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD），但其机制尚不清楚。我们旨在研究果胶诱导的肠道微生物群（IM）变化在 NAFLD 中的作用。我们从喂食高脂肪饮食的小鼠中回收 IM，并对其进行果胶处理或不处理，以进行粪便微生物群转移（FMT）。喂食高脂肪饮食的小鼠会引发 NAFLD，这些小鼠接受果胶治疗或接受先前（预防性 FMT）或之后（治疗性 FMT）喂食高脂肪饮食的小鼠的粪便微生物群转移（FMT）。果胶可预防 NAFLD 的发生，诱导脂肪组织褐变，并改变 IM，而不会增加变形菌门的丰度。预防性 FMT 也可诱导白色脂肪组织褐变，但与治疗性 FMT 不同，后者可改善肝脂肪变性。这与短链脂肪酸（SCFA）浓度的增加有关，而预防性 FMT 则会导致支链 SCFA 浓度增加。总体而言，我们表明果胶的作用可能部分通过肠道细菌介导。
