Department of Nutritional Sciences & Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Alexander Campus, International Hellenic University, GR-57400 Thessaloniki, Greece.
Unit of Reproductive Endocrinology, 1st Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Medical School, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Papageorgiou General Hospital, GR-56429 Thessaloniki, Greece.
Nutrients. 2021 Oct 27;13(11):3823. doi: 10.3390/nu13113823.
Orthorexia nervosa (ON) is an unspecified feeding or eating disorder (USFED) characterized by an exaggerated, unhealthy obsession with healthy eating. Τypical eating disorders (EDs) and USFEDs are common among patients with diabetes mellitus (DM), which complicates metabolic control and disease outcomes. The present systematic review summarizes the evidence on the prevalence of ON symptomatology among patients with DM. PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and grey literature were searched, and relevant observational studies were screened using the Rayyan software. The quality of the studies was assessed using the appraisal tool for cross-sectional studies (AXIS) and the Newcastle-Ottawa scale (NOS). Out of 4642 studies, 6 fulfilled the predefined criteria and were included in the qualitative synthesis. Most studies relied on the ORTO-15 or its adaptations to identify ON among patients with DM. No apparent sex or age differences exist regarding the prevalence of ON symptoms. None of the studies compared the prevalence of ON in patients with type 1 and type 2 DM. Most of the research was of average to good methodological quality. In conclusion, patients with DM often exhibit ON tendencies, although research is still limited regarding the etiology or mechanistic drivers behind ON and the characteristics of patients with a dual ON-DM diagnosis.
神经性食欲过盛症（ON）是一种未特定的进食或饮食障碍（USFED），其特征是对健康饮食的过度、不健康的痴迷。典型的饮食障碍（EDs）和 USFEDs 在糖尿病患者中很常见，这会使代谢控制和疾病结果复杂化。本系统综述总结了关于糖尿病患者中 ON 症状的患病率的证据。通过 PubMed、Web of Science、Scopus 和灰色文献进行了检索，并使用 Rayyan 软件筛选了相关观察性研究。使用横断面研究评估工具（AXIS）和纽卡斯尔-渥太华量表（NOS）评估了研究的质量。在 4642 项研究中，有 6 项符合预先设定的标准，并纳入了定性综合分析。大多数研究依赖 ORTO-15 或其改编版来识别糖尿病患者中的 ON。ON 症状的患病率在性别或年龄方面似乎没有差异。没有研究比较 1 型和 2 型糖尿病患者中 ON 的患病率。大多数研究的方法学质量为中等或良好。总之，糖尿病患者常表现出 ON 倾向，尽管关于 ON 的病因或机制驱动因素以及具有双重 ON-DM 诊断的患者的特征的研究仍然有限。
