Zegeye Betregiorgis, Anyiam Felix Emeka, Ahinkorah Bright Opoku, Ameyaw Edward Kwabena, Budu Eugene, Seidu Abdul-Aziz, Yaya Sanni
HaSET Maternal and Child Health Research Program, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Centre for Health and Development, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria.
Arch Public Health. 2021 Nov 29;79(1):214. doi: 10.1186/s13690-021-00733-x.
Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) remains the region with the highest burden of anemia globally. Since anemia has both health and non-health-related consequences, its reduction is one of the Sustainable Development Goals. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the prevalence of anemia and its associated factors among married women in SSA.
Using Stata version-14 software, the analysis was done on 89,029 married women from the Demographic and Health Surveys of 19 countries in SSA. Pearson Chi-Square test and Binary logistic regression analyses were used to examine the factors associated with anemia. The results were presented using adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR) at a 95% Confidence Interval (CI). A p-value less than or equal to 0.05 (p ≤ 0.05) was considered statistically significant.
The pooled analysis showed that 49.7% of married women were anemic. Of these, 1.04% and 15.05% were severely and moderately anemic respectively, and the rest 33.61% were mildly anemic. Husband education (primary school-aOR = 0.84, 95% CI; 0.71-0.99), wealth index (middle-aOR = 0.81, 95% CI; 0.68-0.96, richer-aOR = 0.69, 95% CI; 0.57-0.84, richest-aOR = 0.68, 95% CI; 0.51-0.91), modern contraceptive use (yes-aOR = 0.68, 95% CI; 0.56-0.81) and religion (Muslim-aOR = 1.27, 95% CI; 1.11-1.46, others-aOR = 0.73, 95% CI; 0.59-0.90) were factors associated with anemia among married women.
The findings show that nearly half of the married women are affected by anemia. Enhancing partners' educational levels, and economic empowerment of women, strengthening family planning services, and working with religious leaders to reduce the perception and religious beliefs related to food restrictions can be the main focus to reduce the burden of anemia among married women in SSA.
撒哈拉以南非洲（SSA）仍是全球贫血负担最高的地区。由于贫血会产生健康及与健康无关的后果，减少贫血是可持续发展目标之一。因此，本研究旨在调查SSA已婚女性中贫血的患病率及其相关因素。
使用Stata 14版软件，对来自SSA 19个国家人口与健康调查的89,029名已婚女性进行分析。采用Pearson卡方检验和二元逻辑回归分析来研究与贫血相关的因素。结果以95%置信区间（CI）的调整比值比（aOR）呈现。p值小于或等于0.05（p≤0.05）被认为具有统计学意义。
汇总分析显示，49.7%的已婚女性贫血。其中，1.04%为重度贫血，15.05%为中度贫血，其余33.61%为轻度贫血。丈夫的教育程度（小学-aOR = 0.84，95% CI：0.71 - 0.99）、财富指数（中等-aOR = 0.81，95% CI：0.68 - 0.96，较富裕-aOR = 0.69，95% CI：0.57 - 0.84，最富裕-aOR = 0.68，95% CI：0.51 - 0.91）、现代避孕方法的使用（是-aOR = 0.68，95% CI：0.56 - 0.81）以及宗教信仰（穆斯林-aOR = 1.27，95% CI：1.11 - 1.46，其他-aOR = 0.73，95% CI：0.59 - 0.90）是已婚女性贫血的相关因素。
研究结果表明，近一半的已婚女性受贫血影响。提高伴侣的教育水平、增强女性的经济权能、加强计划生育服务以及与宗教领袖合作以减少与食物限制相关的观念和宗教信仰，可能是减轻SSA已婚女性贫血负担的主要重点。
