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纽约市的有色人种幼儿教师:在新冠疫情期间压力增大、生活质量下降、健康状况下滑且睡眠受到影响。

Early Childhood Teachers of Color in New York City: heightened stress, lower quality of life, declining health, and compromised sleep amidst COVID-19.

作者信息

Souto-Manning Mariana, Melvin Samantha A

机构信息

Erikson Institute, Graduate School in Child Development, 451 N. LaSalle St. Chicago, IL 60654, United States.

出版信息

Early Child Res Q. 2022;60:34-48. doi: 10.1016/j.ecresq.2021.11.005. Epub 2021 Nov 23.

Abstract

Stress and well-being are known to influence the quality of teacher-student interactions, teachers' delivery of emotional and instructional support, and the social competence and executive function skills of young learners-dynamics that impact the education and development of young children. Even prior to COVID-19, 46% of teachers reported notably high levels of daily stress. Given the additional stressors associated with the pandemic, this multi-methods study explores the well-being of Latinx, Black, and multiracial early childhood teachers in New York City, where communities of Color have been particularly hard hit by COVID-19. Via an amalgamation of descriptive and interpretive approaches-a survey, time-use diaries, and qualitative interviews-this study documents early childhood teachers' experiences making sense of and negotiating the impacts of intersecting stressors on their stress, health, quality of life, and sleep amidst COVID-19. Survey findings show reduced well-being across measures among the early childhood teachers in the sample, while qualitative findings illustrate the many layers of challenges that teachers of Color faced during the pandemic. Time-use diaries show extremely high demands and long work hours associated with concerning lack of self-care and attention to mental health. Interviews elucidate how stress is layered across environmental, occupational, and racial factors. This study points to the need to attend to the well-being of Black, Latinx, and multiracial early childhood teachers in urban settings during and after COVID-19 recovery.

摘要

众所周知,压力和幸福感会影响师生互动的质量、教师给予的情感和教学支持,以及幼儿的社会能力和执行功能技能,这些动态因素会影响幼儿的教育和发展。甚至在新冠疫情之前,就有46%的教师报告称日常压力极大。鉴于疫情带来的额外压力源,这项多方法研究探讨了纽约市拉丁裔、黑人及多种族幼儿教师的幸福感,在纽约市,有色人种社区受新冠疫情的影响尤为严重。通过综合描述性和解释性方法——一项调查、时间使用日记和定性访谈——本研究记录了幼儿教师在新冠疫情期间理解和应对多重压力源对其压力、健康、生活质量和睡眠的影响的经历。调查结果显示,样本中的幼儿教师各项指标的幸福感均有所下降,而定性研究结果则说明了有色人种教师在疫情期间面临的诸多层面的挑战。时间使用日记显示,需求极高且工作时间很长,同时存在缺乏自我照顾和对心理健康关注不足的问题。访谈阐明了压力如何在环境、职业和种族因素中层层叠加。本研究指出,在新冠疫情恢复期间及之后,需要关注城市环境中黑人、拉丁裔和多种族幼儿教师的幸福感。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/2460/8608653/1926cb0db1c0/gr1_lrg.jpg

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