Undeger Irem, Visser Renée M, Becker Nina, de Boer Lieke, Golkar Armita, Olsson Andreas
Section for Psychology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Nobels väg 9, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.
Department of Clinical Psychology, University of Amsterdam, Nieuwe Achtergracht 129-B, 1018 WT Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
R Soc Open Sci. 2021 Nov 24;8(11):202116. doi: 10.1098/rsos.202116. eCollection 2021 Nov.
Past research has shown that attributions of intentions to other's actions determine how we experience these actions and their consequences. Yet, it is unknown how such attributions affect our learning and memory. Addressing this question, we combined neuroimaging with an interactive threat learning paradigm in which two interaction partners (confederates) made choices that had either threatening (shock) or safe (no shock) consequences for the participants. Importantly, participants were led to believe that one partner intentionally caused the delivery of shock, whereas the other did not (i.e. unintentional partner). Following intentional versus unintentional shocks, participants reported an inflated number of shocks and a greater increase in anger and vengeance. We applied a model-based representational similarity analysis to blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD)-MRI patterns during learning. Surprisingly, we did not find any effects of intentionality. The threat value of actions, however, was represented as a trial-by-trial increase in representational similarity in the insula and the inferior frontal gyrus. Our findings illustrate how neural pattern formation can be used to study a complex interaction.
以往的研究表明，对他人行为意图的归因决定了我们如何体验这些行为及其后果。然而，尚不清楚这种归因如何影响我们的学习和记忆。为了解决这个问题，我们将神经成像与一种交互式威胁学习范式相结合，在该范式中，两个互动伙伴（同伙）做出的选择对参与者会产生威胁性（电击）或安全性（无电击）后果。重要的是，参与者被引导相信一个伙伴故意导致电击的施加，而另一个则不是（即无意的伙伴）。在经历有意与无意的电击后，参与者报告的电击次数增加，愤怒和报复情绪也有更大幅度的上升。我们在学习过程中对基于血氧水平依赖（BOLD）的磁共振成像（MRI）模式应用了基于模型的表征相似性分析。令人惊讶的是，我们没有发现意图的任何影响。然而，行动的威胁值在脑岛和额下回中表现为每次试验表征相似性的逐次增加。我们的研究结果说明了神经模式形成如何可用于研究复杂的互动。
