Uddin Lucina Q, Nomi Jason S, Hébert-Seropian Benjamin, Ghaziri Jimmy, Boucher Olivier
*Department of Psychology, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida, U.S.A.; †Neuroscience Program, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, Florida, U.S.A.; ‡Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada; §Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada; and ‖Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l'Université de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada.
J Clin Neurophysiol. 2017 Jul;34(4):300-306. doi: 10.1097/WNP.0000000000000377.
The insular cortex, or "Island of Reil," is hidden deep within the lateral sulcus of the brain. Subdivisions within the insula have been identified on the basis of cytoarchitectonics, sulcal landmarks, and connectivity. Depending on the parcellation technique used, the insula can be divided into anywhere between 2 and 13 distinct subdivisions. The insula subserves a wide variety of functions in humans ranging from sensory and affective processing to high-level cognition. Here, we provide a concise summary of known structural and functional features of the human insular cortex with a focus on lesion case studies and recent neuroimaging evidence for considerable functional heterogeneity of this brain region.
脑岛，即“赖尔岛”，深藏于大脑外侧沟内。脑岛内部的分区已根据细胞构筑学、脑沟标志和连接性得以确定。根据所采用的脑区划分技术，脑岛可被分为2至13个不同的分区。脑岛在人类中发挥着广泛的功能，从感觉和情感处理到高级认知。在此，我们简要总结人类脑岛皮质已知的结构和功能特征，重点关注病变案例研究以及近期有关该脑区功能存在显著异质性的神经影像学证据。
