Unidad de Medicina Familiar 80, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social.
Delegación del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Morelia.
Arch Cardiol Mex. 2021;91(4):396-406. doi: 10.24875/ACM.20000505.
Family psychotherapy has been shown to have a positive impact on the evolution of patients with psychosomatic disorders, and in those with arterial hypertension it could improve the level of control of the disease.
To evaluate the impact of an intervention in family psychotherapy in patients with uncontrolled systemic arterial hypertension.
Study with comparative groups. 15 uncontrolled hypertensive patients, assigned to 2 groups: an intervention group of 10 patients who received family psychotherapy and a control group of 5 patients. In both groups, the pharmacological treatment indicated by experts was continued. Both groups were compared before and after the intervention regarding quality of life (InCaViSa), family functioning (Family Functioning Scale), systolic and diastolic blood pressure, body mass index and glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, uric acid and creatinine.
There was qualitative improvement in the domains of the InCaViSa scale to estimate quality of life in the intervention group and there were no statistically significant changes between the groups in family functioning or in body weight. Among the biochemical variables, only cholesterol showed a significant reduction (p = 0.47). Greater mobility of the family towards more functional behaviors was found in the group that received the intervention, and also in this group, systolic and diastolic blood pressure values decreased (p < 0.001), and the use of antihypertensive, anxiolytic and antidepressant drugs, as well.
Family psychotherapeutic intervention can favor the control of blood pressure, reduce the doses of antihypertensive, anxiolytic and antidepressant drugs and it can help to transition to better functionally family states.
家庭心理治疗已被证明对心身障碍患者的病情发展具有积极影响，而对于动脉高血压患者，它可以改善疾病的控制水平。
评估家庭心理治疗干预对未控制的系统性动脉高血压患者的影响。
采用对照研究。纳入 15 例未控制的高血压患者，将其分为 2 组：接受家庭心理治疗的干预组（10 例患者）和仅接受专家建议药物治疗的对照组（5 例患者）。两组患者均继续接受药物治疗。在干预前后，分别比较两组患者的生活质量（InCaViSa）、家庭功能（家庭功能量表）、收缩压和舒张压、体重指数以及血糖、胆固醇、甘油三酯、尿酸和肌酐。
干预组患者的 InCaViSa 量表评估生活质量的各个领域均有定性改善，而两组患者的家庭功能或体重均无统计学差异。在生化变量中，仅胆固醇水平有显著降低（p = 0.47）。接受干预的患者家庭的活动能力增强，表现出更具功能性的行为，且该组患者的收缩压和舒张压均降低（p < 0.001），同时也减少了降压药、抗焦虑药和抗抑郁药的使用。
家庭心理治疗干预可以有利于血压控制，减少降压药、抗焦虑药和抗抑郁药的剂量，并有助于向更具功能性的家庭状态过渡。
