East Carolina Diabetes and Obesity Institute, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA.
Department of Kinesiology, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA.
J Endocrinol. 2022 Jan 13;252(3):167-177. doi: 10.1530/JOE-21-0250.
Recent evidence identifies a potent role for aerobic exercise to modulate the activity of hypothalamic neurons related to appetite; however, these studies have been primarily performed in male rodents. Since females have markedly different neuronal mechanisms regulating food intake, the current study aimed to determine the effects of acute treadmill exercise on hypothalamic neuron populations involved in regulating appetite in female mice. Mature, untrained female mice were exposed to acute sedentary, low- (10 m/min), moderate- (14 m/min), and high (18 m/min)-intensity treadmill exercise in a randomized crossover design. Mice were fasted 10 h before exercise, and food intake was monitored for 48 h after bouts. Immunohistochemical detection of cFOS was performed 3 h post-exercise to determine the changes in hypothalamic neuropeptide Y (NPY)/agouti-related peptide (AgRP), pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC), tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), and SIM1-expressing neuron activity concurrent with the changes in food intake. Additionally, stains for pSTAT3tyr705 and pERKthr202/tyr204 were performed to detect exercise-mediated changes in intracellular signaling. Briefly, moderate- and high-intensity exercises increased 24-h food intake by 5.9 and 19%, respectively, while low-intensity exercise had no effects. Furthermore, increases in NPY/AgRPARC, SIM1PVN, and TH neuron activity were observed 3 h after high-intensity exercise, with no effects on POMCARC neurons. While no effects of exercise on pERKthr202/tyr204 were observed, pSTAT3tyr705 was elevated specifically in NPY/AgRP neurons 3 h post-exercise. Overall, aerobic exercise increased the activity of several appetite-stimulating neuron populations in the hypothalamus of female mice, which may provide insight into previously reported sexual dimorphisms in post-exercise feeding.
最近的证据表明，有氧运动在调节与食欲相关的下丘脑神经元活性方面具有强大的作用；然而，这些研究主要在雄性啮齿动物中进行。由于女性在调节食物摄入方面具有明显不同的神经元机制，因此本研究旨在确定急性跑步机运动对调节雌性小鼠食欲的下丘脑神经元群体的影响。成熟、未经训练的雌性小鼠以随机交叉设计暴露于急性静息、低（10 m/min）、中（14 m/min）和高（18 m/min）强度跑步机运动。运动前禁食 10 小时，运动后监测 48 小时的食物摄入量。运动后 3 小时进行 cFOS 的免疫组织化学检测，以确定与食物摄入量变化同时发生的下丘脑神经肽 Y（NPY）/刺鼠相关肽（AgRP）、前阿黑皮素原（POMC）、酪氨酸羟化酶（TH）和 SIM1 表达神经元活性的变化。此外，还进行了 pSTAT3tyr705 和 pERKthr202/tyr204 的染色，以检测细胞内信号转导的运动介导变化。简而言之，中强度和高强度运动分别使 24 小时食物摄入量增加了 5.9%和 19%，而低强度运动则没有影响。此外，高强度运动后 3 小时观察到 NPY/AgRPARC、SIM1PVN 和 TH 神经元活性增加，而 POMCARC 神经元没有变化。虽然运动对 pERKthr202/tyr204 没有影响，但 pSTAT3tyr705 在运动后 3 小时仅在 NPY/AgRP 神经元中升高。总的来说，有氧运动增加了雌性小鼠下丘脑几个食欲刺激神经元群体的活性，这可能为先前报道的运动后进食的性别二态性提供了深入了解。
