Department of Health Science, AOUCareggi, Florence, Italy.
Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
Clin Nutr ESPEN. 2021 Dec;46:416-423. doi: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2021.09.726. Epub 2021 Sep 29.
BACKGROUND & AIMS: Mediterranean diet may be beneficial for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The aim of this study was to evaluate the level of adherence to MD in Italian patients with IBD.
Eighty consecutive outpatients with IBD, 62 with Crohn's Disease (CD) and 18 with Ulcerative Colitis (UC) were included in the study. Demographic and clinical data, previous and current medical history, nutritional status and Quality of Life (QoL) assessed with the Short Inflammatory Bowel Disease Questionnaire (SIBDQ) were assessed. Adherence to MD was studied with the Medi-Lite questionnaire.
IBD patients reported a mean Medi-Lite score of 10.4 with no significant differences between CD and UC patients (p = 0.543). Among CD patients, adherence to MD was higher in patients with inactive disease (p < 0.001) than in patients during the active phase, while no significant difference was found regarding disease activity in UC patients. A significant negative correlation of the Medi-Lite score with SIBDQ score (r = -0.2; p = 0.040) was found. MD adherence was lower in CD patients who had undergone ≥2 surgeries, whereas for patients with UC we found no significant differences in MD adherence in relation to pervious surgery.
Adherence to MD in IBD is influenced by disease activity, QoL and patients' surgical history. A greater adherence to MD achieved with nutritional education may help improve quality of life and modulate disease activity.
地中海饮食可能对炎症性肠病（IBD）有益。本研究旨在评估意大利 IBD 患者对 MD 的依从程度。
本研究纳入了 80 例连续就诊的 IBD 患者，其中 62 例为克罗恩病（CD），18 例为溃疡性结肠炎（UC）。评估了人口统计学和临床数据、既往和当前病史、营养状况以及使用短炎症性肠病问卷（SIBDQ）评估的生活质量（QoL）。使用 Medi-Lite 问卷评估 MD 的依从性。
IBD 患者报告的 Medi-Lite 平均评分为 10.4，CD 和 UC 患者之间无显著差异（p=0.543）。在 CD 患者中，疾病不活跃患者的 MD 依从性更高（p<0.001），而 UC 患者的疾病活动无显著差异。Medi-Lite 评分与 SIBDQ 评分呈显著负相关（r=-0.2；p=0.040）。接受过≥2 次手术的 CD 患者 MD 依从性较低，而对于 UC 患者，我们未发现 MD 依从性与既往手术相关的显著差异。
IBD 患者对 MD 的依从性受疾病活动、QoL 和患者手术史的影响。通过营养教育提高 MD 的依从性可能有助于提高生活质量并调节疾病活动。
