Esteves Natã Sant'Anna, de Brito Michele Andrade, Müller Vanessa Teixeira, Brito Ciro José, Valenzuela Pérez Diego Ignacio, Slimani Maamer, Bragazzi Nicola Luigi, Miarka Bianca
Laboratory of Psychophysiology and Performance in Sports and Combats, Postgraduate Program in Physical Education, School of Physical Education and Sport, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Postgraduate Program in Physical Education, School of Physical Education and Sports, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil.
Front Psychol. 2021 Nov 11;12:765914. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.765914. eCollection 2021.
This study verifies associated factors with trait and state anxiety in professional soccer teams during the COVID-19 pandemic. The sample was composed of 315 athletes, coaches, and physical trainers of professional soccer teams during the COVID-19 pandemic. From this amount, 214 were classified with trait anxiety, and 315 were classified with state anxiety using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). This study is an epidemiological and cross-sectional study. We applied an observational method, and we performed a remote measurement. The measurement was made via online questionnaires in male and female individuals working on soccer teams (soccer professionals or athletes) who could be affected by anxiety during social isolation in the COVID-19 pandemic. Each questionnaire was composed of sociodemographic questions, self-perceived performance, and STAI. The main results indicated a significant difference between female vs. male soccer professionals in state anxiety (54.97 ± 9.43 vs. 57.65 ± 9.48 index) and trait anxiety (54.21 ± 5.74 vs. 55.76 ± 6.41 index) with higher results in men. Sociodemographic variables impacted significant differences between female and male athletes and professionals of soccer clubs, and anxiety during the pandemic COVID-19 period impacted self-perceived performance analysis. The present results highlight the importance of cognitive behavior therapy for professional soccer teams.
本研究验证了新冠疫情期间职业足球队中与特质焦虑和状态焦虑相关的因素。样本由新冠疫情期间职业足球队的315名运动员、教练和体能教练组成。其中，使用状态-特质焦虑量表（STAI），214人被归类为特质焦虑，315人被归类为状态焦虑。本研究是一项流行病学横断面研究。我们采用观察法，并进行了远程测量。测量通过在线问卷对在新冠疫情社交隔离期间可能受到焦虑影响的足球队男性和女性工作人员（足球职业人员或运动员）进行。每份问卷由社会人口学问题、自我感知表现和STAI组成。主要结果表明，在状态焦虑（指数分别为54.97±9.43和57.65±9.48）和特质焦虑（指数分别为54.21±5.74和55.76±6.41）方面，女性和男性足球职业人员存在显著差异，男性得分更高。社会人口学变量影响了足球俱乐部男女运动员和职业人员之间的显著差异，并且新冠疫情期间的焦虑影响了自我感知表现分析。目前的结果凸显了认知行为疗法对职业足球队的重要性。
