Mappa Ilenia, Distefano Flavia Adalgisa, Rizzo Giuseppe
Division of Maternal Fetal Medicine Ospedale Cristo Re, Università di Roma Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First I.M. Sechenov Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia.
J Perinat Med. 2020 Jul 28;48(6):545-550. doi: 10.1515/jpm-2020-0182.
Objectives Coronavirus (COVID-19) is a new respiratory disease that is spreading widely throughout the world. The aim of this study was to evaluate the psychological impact of COVID-19 pandemic on pregnant women in Italy. Methods We considered 200 pregnancies attending our antenatal clinic. A questionnaire was sent to each woman in the days of maximum spread of COVID-19. Sectional was finalized to acquire in 18 items maternal characteristics and to test the women's perception of infection. Section included the State-trait anxiety inventory (STAI) 40 items validated test for scoring trait anxiety (basal anxiety, STAI-T) and state anxiety (related to the ongoing pandemic, STAI-S). An abnormal value of STAI was considered when ≥40. Results The questionnaire was completed by 178 women (89%). Fear that COVID-19 could induce fetal structural anomalies was present in 47%, fetal growth restriction in 65% and preterm birth in 51% of the women. The median value of STAI-T was 37 and in 38.2% of the study group STAI-T score ≥40 was evidenced. STAI-S values were significantly higher with an increase of median values of 12 points (p≤0.0001). There was a positive linear correlation between STAI-T and STAI-S (Pearson=0.59; p≤0.0001). A higher educational status was associated with increased prevalence of STAI-S ≥ 40(p=0.004). Subgrouping women by the other variables considered did not show any further difference. Conclusions COVID-19 pandemic induces a doubling of the number of women who reached abnormal level of anxiety. These findings validate the role of the remote use of questionnaire for identifying women at higher risk of anxiety disorders allowing the activation of support procedures.
目的 冠状病毒病（COVID-19）是一种新型呼吸道疾病，正在全球广泛传播。本研究旨在评估COVID-19大流行对意大利孕妇的心理影响。方法 我们纳入了在我们产前诊所就诊的200例妊娠。在COVID-19传播最严重的日子里，向每位女性发送了一份问卷。问卷分为两部分，第一部分包含18项产妇特征，用于了解女性对感染的认知。第二部分包括状态-特质焦虑量表（STAI），这是一个经过验证的包含40个条目的测试，用于评估特质焦虑（基础焦虑，STAI-T）和状态焦虑（与当前大流行相关，STAI-S）。当STAI≥40时，认为该值异常。结果 178名女性（89%）完成了问卷。47%的女性担心COVID-19会导致胎儿结构异常，65%的女性担心胎儿生长受限，51%的女性担心早产。STAI-T的中位数为37，在38.2%的研究组中，STAI-T得分≥40。STAI-S值显著更高，中位数增加了12分（p≤0.0001）。STAI-T和STAI-S之间存在正线性相关性（Pearson=0.59；p≤0.0001）。较高的教育水平与STAI-S≥40的患病率增加相关（p=0.004）。根据其他考虑的变量对女性进行亚组分析未显示出任何进一步差异。结论 COVID-19大流行导致焦虑水平异常的女性数量增加了一倍。这些发现证实了远程使用问卷在识别焦虑症高危女性方面的作用，从而能够启动支持程序。
