提高植物磷利用效率的机制。
Mechanisms for improving phosphorus utilization efficiency in plants.
机构信息
College of Resources and Environmental Sciences; National Academy of Agriculture Green Development; Key Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, PR China.
Department of Ecological Sciences, The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee DD2 5DA, UK.
出版信息
Ann Bot. 2022 Feb 11;129(3):247-258. doi: 10.1093/aob/mcab145.
BACKGROUND
Limitation of plant productivity by phosphorus (P) supply is widespread and will probably increase in the future. Relatively large amounts of P fertilizer are applied to sustain crop growth and development and to achieve high yields. However, with increasing P application, plant P efficiency generally declines, which results in greater losses of P to the environment with detrimental consequences for ecosystems.
SCOPE
A strategy for reducing P input and environmental losses while maintaining or increasing plant performance is the development of crops that take up P effectively from the soil (P acquisition efficiency) or promote productivity per unit of P taken up (P utilization efficiency). In this review, we describe current research on P metabolism and transport and its relevance for improving P utilization efficiency.
CONCLUSIONS
Enhanced P utilization efficiency can be achieved by optimal partitioning of cellular P and distributing P effectively between tissues, allowing maximum growth and biomass of harvestable plant parts. Knowledge of the mechanisms involved could help design and breed crops with greater P utilization efficiency.
背景
磷（P）供应限制植物生产力的现象广泛存在，而且在未来可能会加剧。为了维持作物生长和发育并实现高产，人们通常会施用相对大量的磷肥。然而，随着磷肥施用量的增加，植物的磷效率通常会下降，这导致更多的磷流失到环境中，对生态系统造成不利影响。
范围
在维持或提高植物性能的同时减少磷投入和环境损失的策略是开发能够从土壤中有效吸收磷（磷获取效率）或提高单位磷吸收生产力的作物（磷利用效率）。在这篇综述中，我们描述了当前关于磷代谢和运输的研究及其与提高磷利用效率的相关性。
结论
通过优化细胞内磷的分配和在组织间有效地分配磷，可以实现增强的磷利用效率，从而使可收获植物部分的最大生长和生物量。了解相关机制可以帮助设计和培育具有更高磷利用效率的作物。
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