Huang Xin-Yuan, Hu Da-Wei, Zhao Fang-Jie
State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China.
J Exp Bot. 2022 Mar 15;73(6):1766-1774. doi: 10.1093/jxb/erab534.
Molybdenum (Mo) is an essential element for almost all living organisms. After being taken up into the cells as molybdate, it is incorporated into the molybdenum cofactor, which functions as the active site of several molybdenum-requiring enzymes and thus plays crucial roles in multiple biological processes. The uptake and transport of molybdate is mainly mediated by two types of molybdate transporters. The homeostasis of Mo in plant cells is tightly controlled, and such homeostasis likely plays vital roles in plant adaptation to local environments. Recent evidence suggests that Mo is more than an essential element required for plant growth and development; it is also involved in local adaptation to coastal salinity. In this review, we summarize recent research progress on molybdate uptake and transport, molybdenum homeostasis network in plants, and discuss the potential roles of the molybdate transporter in plant adaptation to their local environment.
钼（Mo）是几乎所有生物的必需元素。钼酸盐被细胞吸收后，会被整合到钼辅因子中，钼辅因子作为几种需要钼的酶的活性位点，因此在多个生物过程中发挥关键作用。钼酸盐的吸收和运输主要由两种类型的钼酸盐转运蛋白介导。植物细胞中钼的稳态受到严格控制，这种稳态可能在植物适应当地环境中发挥重要作用。最近的证据表明，钼不仅仅是植物生长发育所需的必需元素；它还参与植物对沿海盐度的局部适应。在这篇综述中，我们总结了钼酸盐吸收和运输、植物钼稳态网络的最新研究进展，并讨论了钼酸盐转运蛋白在植物适应其当地环境中的潜在作用。
