Murgia Irene, Marzorati Francesca, Vigani Gianpiero, Morandini Piero
Department of Biosciences, University of Milano, Milano, Italy.
Department of Environmental Science and Policy, University of Milano, Milano, Italy.
J Exp Bot. 2022 Mar 15;73(6):1809-1824. doi: 10.1093/jxb/erab531.
Iron (Fe) is an essential plant micronutrient since many cellular processes including photosynthesis, respiration, and the scavenging of reactive oxygen species depend on adequate Fe levels; however, non-complexed Fe ions can be dangerous for cells, as they can act as pro-oxidants. Hence, plants possess a complex homeostatic control system for safely taking up Fe from the soil and transporting it to its various cellular destinations, and for its subcellular compartmentalization. At the end of the plant's life cycle, maturing seeds are loaded with the required amount of Fe needed for germination and early seedling establishment. In this review, we discuss recent findings on how the microbiota in the rhizosphere influence and interact with the strategies adopted by plants to take up iron from the soil. We also focus on the process of seed-loading with Fe, and for crop species we also consider its associated metabolism in wild relatives. These two aspects of plant Fe nutrition may provide promising avenues for a better comprehension of the long pathway of Fe from soil to seeds.
铁（Fe）是植物必需的微量营养素，因为包括光合作用、呼吸作用以及活性氧清除在内的许多细胞过程都依赖于充足的铁水平；然而，非络合态的铁离子对细胞可能是危险的，因为它们可作为促氧化剂。因此，植物拥有一套复杂的稳态控制系统，用于安全地从土壤中吸收铁并将其运输到细胞的各个部位，以及进行亚细胞区室化。在植物生命周期结束时，成熟种子会积累萌发和早期幼苗建立所需的铁量。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了关于根际微生物群如何影响植物从土壤中吸收铁的策略以及与之相互作用的最新研究结果。我们还关注铁在种子中的积累过程，对于农作物物种，我们也考虑其在野生近缘种中的相关代谢。植物铁营养的这两个方面可能为更好地理解铁从土壤到种子的漫长路径提供有前景的途径。
