Ou Chia-Yu, Chen Yen-Ju, Lin Geng-Bai, Chen Mei-Fan, Chia Shu-Ti
Department of Surgery, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
Department of Pediatrics, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng-Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
Front Pediatr. 2021 Nov 17;9:773246. doi: 10.3389/fped.2021.773246. eCollection 2021.
Life-threatening electrolyte imbalance is not uncommon in preemies. Differential diagnosis is important for immediate treatment. The syndrome of pseudohypoaldosteronism (PHA) is characterized by increased aldosterone secretion associated with clinical signs of hypoaldosteronism reflecting mineralocorticoid resistance. There are type I, type II, and secondary type of PHA. Most secondary PHA reported in the pediatric population result from urinary infection and obstructive uropathy and extremely rarely from gastrointestinal fluid loss. Seven preemies accepted jejunostomy or ileostomy, and they suffered from high output stoma. Electrolyte imbalance with bodyweight loss or cardiac event was noted. We found a high level of aldosterone and renin and diagnosed them with secondary PHA due to excessive gastrointestinal losses. After stomal reversal, aldosterone and renin level became normalized, and electrolyte was corrected. This study reports the finding of secondary pseudohyperaldosteronism (hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, and metabolic acidosis) in a series of cases with intestinal resection and ostomy of different causes. Early stomal reversal was recommended.
危及生命的电解质失衡在早产儿中并不少见。鉴别诊断对于立即治疗很重要。假性醛固酮增多症(PHA)综合征的特征是醛固酮分泌增加,伴有反映盐皮质激素抵抗的醛固酮减少症的临床体征。有I型、II型和继发性PHA。儿科人群中报告的大多数继发性PHA是由尿路感染和梗阻性尿路病引起的,极少由胃肠道液体丢失引起。七名早产儿接受了空肠造口术或回肠造口术,他们患有高输出量造口。注意到伴有体重减轻的电解质失衡或心脏事件。我们发现醛固酮和肾素水平升高,并诊断他们患有因胃肠道过度丢失导致的继发性PHA。造口还纳术后,醛固酮和肾素水平恢复正常,电解质得到纠正。本研究报告了一系列因不同原因进行肠道切除和造口的病例中继发性假性醛固酮增多症(低钠血症、高钾血症和代谢性酸中毒)的发现。建议早期进行造口还纳。