Tilahun Muche Zelalem, Haile Wondimu Diresibachew, Bayissa Midekssa Milkessa, Chekol Abebe Endeshaw, Mengie Ayele Teklie, Abebe Zewdie Ediget
Department of Medical Physiology, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia.
Department of Medical Physiology, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
J Sports Med (Hindawi Publ Corp). 2021 Nov 24;2021:8415100. doi: 10.1155/2021/8415100. eCollection 2021.
Endurance running performance is dependent upon hematological, physiological, anthropometrical, diet, genetic, and training characteristics. Increased oxygen transport and efficiency of tissue in extracting oxygen are the major determinants to competitions that require endurance. Thus, altitude training is often employed to increase blood oxygen-carrying capacity to improve sea-level endurance performance. This study aimed to compare hematological parameters of endurance runners' training at different clubs with different altitudes (Guna Athletics Sport Club at Guna (3100 meter above sea level) and Ethiopian Youth Sport Academy at Addis Ababa (2400 meter above sea level)).
A comparative cross-sectional study was conducted at GASC and EYSA. Data were collected from a total of 102 eligible study subjects (26 runners and 25 controls at Guna and 26 runners and 25 controls at Addis Ababa) from May to October 2019. About 3 ml of the venous blood was drawn from the antecubital vein by aseptic procedure and analyzed using a hematology analyzer (DIRUI BCC-3000B, China). One-way ANOVA and independent-sample -tests were used to compare means.
Male runners in Guna had significantly higher hemoglobin (Hgb), mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), and white blood cell (WBC) count than male runners in Addis Ababa. Besides, female runners in Guna had significantly higher MCH and MCHC than female runners in Addis Ababa. However, there were no significant differences between Guna and Addis Ababa runners in red blood cell (RBC) count, Hct, MCV, and platelet count in both sexes, while Hgb and WBC count in females.
Decisively, Guna Athletics Sport Club endurance runners had significantly higher hematological parameters than Ethiopian Youth Sport Academy endurance runners. This provides invaluable information for coaches and sport physicians to monitor the hematological profile and the health status of an athlete living and training at different altitudes.
耐力跑成绩取决于血液学、生理学、人体测量学、饮食、遗传和训练特征。增加氧气运输以及组织提取氧气的效率是耐力比赛的主要决定因素。因此，高原训练常被用于提高血液携氧能力，以改善海平面耐力表现。本研究旨在比较不同海拔高度的不同俱乐部（古纳（海拔3100米）的古纳田径运动俱乐部和亚的斯亚贝巴（海拔2400米）的埃塞俄比亚青年体育学院）的耐力跑运动员训练后的血液学参数。
在古纳田径运动俱乐部和埃塞俄比亚青年体育学院进行了一项比较性横断面研究。2019年5月至10月，共收集了102名符合条件的研究对象的数据（古纳的26名跑步运动员和25名对照组，亚的斯亚贝巴的26名跑步运动员和25名对照组）。通过无菌操作从前臂静脉抽取约3毫升静脉血，并用血液分析仪（中国迪瑞BCC - 3000B）进行分析。采用单因素方差分析和独立样本t检验比较均值。
古纳的男性跑步运动员的血红蛋白（Hgb）、平均红细胞血红蛋白含量（MCH）、平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度（MCHC）和白细胞（WBC）计数显著高于亚的斯亚贝巴的男性跑步运动员。此外，古纳的女性跑步运动员的MCH和MCHC显著高于亚的斯亚贝巴的女性跑步运动员。然而，在红细胞（RBC）计数、血细胞比容（Hct）、平均红细胞体积（MCV）和血小板计数方面，古纳和亚的斯亚贝巴的跑步运动员在两性中均无显著差异，而女性的Hgb和WBC计数存在差异。
决定性地，古纳田径运动俱乐部的耐力跑运动员的血液学参数显著高于埃塞俄比亚青年体育学院 的耐力跑运动员。这为教练和运动医生监测在不同海拔生活和训练的运动员的血液学特征和健康状况提供了宝贵信息。
