Zangenehnejad Farzaneh, Gao Yang
Department of Geomatics Engineering, Schulich School of Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive N.W, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4 Canada.
Satell Navig. 2021;2(1):24. doi: 10.1186/s43020-021-00054-y. Epub 2021 Nov 16.
Starting from 2016, the raw Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) measurements can be extracted from the Android Nougat (or later) operating systems. Since then, GNSS smartphone positioning has been given much attention. A high number of related publications indicates the importance of the research in this field, as it has been doing in recent years. Due to the cost-effectiveness of the GNSS smartphones, they can be employed in a wide variety of applications such as cadastral surveys, mapping surveying applications, vehicle and pedestrian navigation and etc. However, there are still some challenges regarding the noisy smartphone GNSS observations, the environment effect and smartphone holding modes and the algorithm development part which restrict the users to achieve high-precision smartphone positioning. In this review paper, we overview the research works carried out in this field with a focus on the following aspects: first, to provide a review of fundamental work on raw smartphone observations and quality assessment of GNSS observations from major smart devices including Google Pixel 4, Google Pixel 5, Xiaomi Mi 8 and Samsung Ultra S20 in terms of their signal strengths and carrier-phase continuities, second, to describe the current state of smartphone positioning research field until most recently in 2021 and, last, to summarize major challenges and opportunities in this filed. Finally, the paper is concluded with some remarks as well as future research perspectives.
从2016年开始，可以从安卓牛轧糖（或更高版本）操作系统中提取原始的全球导航卫星系统（GNSS）测量数据。从那时起，GNSS智能手机定位就备受关注。大量相关出版物表明了该领域研究的重要性，就像近年来一直如此。由于GNSS智能手机具有成本效益，它们可用于各种各样的应用，如地籍测量、地图测绘应用、车辆和行人导航等。然而，在嘈杂的智能手机GNSS观测、环境影响和智能手机握持方式以及算法开发方面仍存在一些挑战，这些限制了用户实现高精度的智能手机定位。在这篇综述论文中，我们概述了该领域开展的研究工作，重点关注以下几个方面：第一，回顾关于原始智能手机观测以及包括谷歌Pixel 4、谷歌Pixel 5、小米Mi 8和三星Ultra S20等主要智能设备的GNSS观测质量评估的基础工作，涉及它们的信号强度和载波相位连续性；第二，描述截至2021年最近的智能手机定位研究领域的现状；最后，总结该领域的主要挑战和机遇。最后，本文以一些评论以及未来研究展望作为结语。
