Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany.
Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases and Geriatric Psychiatry, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
World J Biol Psychiatry. 2023 Dec;24(10):865-880. doi: 10.1080/15622975.2021.2014152. Epub 2022 Feb 17.
The present study introduces the assessment of depression and depressive symptoms in the German National Cohort (NAKO), a population-based mega cohort. Distribution of core measures, and associations with sociodemographic factors are examined.
The current analysis includes data from the first 101,667 participants (NAKO data freeze 100,000). Depression and depressive symptoms were assessed using a modified version of the depression section of the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI), self-reported physician's diagnosis of depression, and the depression scale of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9).
A lifetime physician's diagnosis of depression was reported by 15.0% of participants. Of those, 47.6% reported having received treatment for depression within the last 12 months. Of the subset of 26,342 participants undergoing the full depression section of the modified MINI, 15.9% were classified by the MINI with a lifetime depressive episode. Based on the PHQ-9, 5.8% of the participants were classified as currently having a major or other depression by the diagnostic algorithm, and 7.8% according to the dimensional assessment (score ≥ 10). Increased frequency of depression measures and higher depression scores were observed in women and participants with lower education level or a family history of depression.
The observed distributions of all depression measures and their associations with sociodemographic variables are consistent with the literature on depression. The NAKO represents a valuable epidemiologic resource to investigate depression, and the range of measures for lifetime and current depression allows users to select the most suitable instrument for their specific research question.
本研究介绍了基于人群的大型队列德国国家队列（NAKO）中抑郁和抑郁症状的评估。本文考察了核心测量方法的分布情况及其与社会人口因素的关联。
本分析纳入了前 101667 名参与者（NAKO 数据冻结 100000 名）的数据。采用改良版 Mini-国际神经精神访谈（MINI）抑郁部分、自我报告的医生诊断的抑郁以及患者健康问卷（PHQ-9）抑郁量表评估抑郁和抑郁症状。
15.0%的参与者报告有过医生诊断的抑郁症病史。其中，47.6%的参与者报告在过去 12 个月内接受过抑郁症治疗。在接受改良版 MINI 完整抑郁部分评估的 26342 名参与者中，15.9%被 MINI 诊断为一生中曾有过抑郁发作。根据 PHQ-9，5.8%的参与者根据诊断算法被归类为目前患有重度或其他抑郁症，7.8%根据维度评估（得分≥10）被归类为目前患有重度或其他抑郁症。女性和受教育程度较低或有抑郁症家族史的参与者中，抑郁测量方法的频率更高，抑郁评分也更高。
所有抑郁测量方法的观察分布及其与社会人口变量的关联与文献中关于抑郁的研究结果一致。NAKO 是一个有价值的流行病学资源，可以用来研究抑郁，并且终生和当前抑郁的测量方法范围允许用户为其特定的研究问题选择最合适的工具。
