Faculty of Sport Sciences, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.
Department of Physical Education and Sports, Middle East Technical University, Ankara, Turkey.
Int J Sports Med. 2022 Jun;43(6):519-525. doi: 10.1055/a-1656-9677. Epub 2021 Dec 8.
Strength training in hypoxia has been shown to enhance hypertrophy and function of skeletal muscle, however, the effects of plyometric training in hypoxia is relatively unknown. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the effects of plyometric training in hypoxia compared to normoxia on body composition, sprint and jump parameters. Twenty-three male physical education students (20.4±2.0 years, mean±SD) participated in the study and were divided into a plyometric training in hypoxia (PTH, n=8), plyometric training in normoxia (PTN, n=7) or control group (C, n=8). The PTH group trained in normobaric hypoxia (approximately 3536 m) 3 days/week for 8 weeks, while the PTN trained in normoxia. PTH induced significant improvements from baseline to post-testing in countermovement-jump (37.8±6.7 cm, 43.4±5.0 cm, p<0.05), squat-jump (35.4±6.2 cm, 41.1±5.7 cm, p<0.05), drop-jump height (32.8±6 cm, 38.1±6 cm, p<0.05) and 20-m sprint performance (3257.1±109.5 ms, 3145.8±83.6 ms, p<0.05); whereas PTN produced significant improvement only in countermovement-jump (37.3±4.8 cm, 40.5±4.5 cm, p<0.05) and 20-m sprint performance (3209.: 3±76.1 ms, 3126.6±100.4 ms, p<0.05). Plyometric training under hypoxic conditions induces greater improvement in some jump measures (drop-jump and squat-jump) compared to similar training in normoxia.
力量训练在低氧环境中已被证明可以增强骨骼肌的肥大和功能，然而，关于在低氧环境中进行的增强式训练的效果则相对未知。因此，本研究旨在比较在低氧与常氧环境下进行的增强式训练对身体成分、短跑和跳跃参数的影响。 23 名男性体育教育专业学生（20.4±2.0 岁，均值±标准差）参与了这项研究，并分为增强式训练在低氧组（PTH，n=8）、增强式训练在常氧组（PTN，n=7）或对照组（C，n=8）。PTH 组在常压缺氧（约 3536 米）环境下每周训练 3 天，共 8 周，而 PTN 则在常氧环境下训练。与基线相比，PTH 组在反跳式跳跃（37.8±6.7cm，43.4±5.0cm，p<0.05）、深蹲跳跃（35.4±6.2cm，41.1±5.7cm，p<0.05）、跳箱高度（32.8±6cm，38.1±6cm，p<0.05）和 20 米短跑成绩（3257.1±109.5ms，3145.8±83.6ms，p<0.05）方面均有显著提高；而 PTN 仅在反跳式跳跃（37.3±4.8cm，40.5±4.5cm，p<0.05）和 20 米短跑成绩（3209.3±76.1ms，3126.6±100.4ms，p<0.05）方面有显著提高。与在常氧环境下进行相似的训练相比，在低氧环境下进行的增强式训练可更大程度地提高一些跳跃测量指标（跳箱和深蹲跳跃）。
