Ando Hajime, Ikegami Kazunori, Nagata Tomohisa, Tateishi Seiichiro, Eguchi Hisashi, Tsuji Mayumi, Matsuda Shinya, Fujino Yoshihisa, Ogami Akira
Department of Work Systems and Health, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, Fukuoka, Japan.
Department of Occupational Health Practice and Management, Institute of Industrial Ecological Sciences, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, Fukuoka, Japan.
Arch Public Health. 2021 Dec 9;79(1):222. doi: 10.1186/s13690-021-00751-9.
To prevent the spread of coronavirus disease (COVID-19), it is important to avoid 3Cs (closed spaces, crowded places, and close-contact settings). However, the risk of contact with an unspecified number of people is inevitable while commuting to and from work. In this study, we investigated the relationship between commuting, and the risk of COVID-19 and COVID-19-induced anxiety.
An internet-based questionnaire survey was conducted to obtain a dataset from 27,036 respondents. One-way commuting time was evaluated using a five-case method. The commuting distance was estimated using zip codes of the home and workplace. Logistic regression analysis was performed with the following outcomes: COVID-19 risk, close contact, infection anxiety, and infection anxiety due to commuting. Commuting distance and commuting time were analyzed separately in the model. We excluded participants with incalculable commuting distance, commuting distance exceeding 300 km, commuting distance of 0 km, or who telecommuted at least once a week.
The total number of participants included in the analysis was 14,038. The adjusted odds ratios (aORs) of using public transportation for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection were 4.17 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.51-6.93) (commuting time) and 5.18 (95% CI: 3.06-8.78) (commuting distance). The aOR of COVID-19 diagnosis decreased significantly with increasing commuting distance. The aORs of using public transportation to infection anxiety were 1.44 (95% CI: 1.31-1.59) (commuting time) and 1.45 (95% CI: 1.32-1.60) (commuting distance). The longer the commuting time, the more the aOR increased.
COVID-19 risk, close contact, and infection anxiety were all associated with the use of public transportation during commuting. Both commuting distance and time were associated with infection anxiety due to commuting, and the strength of the association increased with increase in commuting time distance. Since transportation by commuting is associated with COVID-19 risk and anxiety, we recommend the use of telecommuting and other means of work.
为防止冠状病毒病（COVID-19）传播，避免“3C”（封闭空间、拥挤场所和密切接触环境）很重要。然而，上下班通勤时与数量不明的人接触的风险不可避免。在本研究中，我们调查了通勤与COVID-19风险以及COVID-19引发的焦虑之间的关系。
进行了一项基于互联网的问卷调查，以获取来自27036名受访者的数据集。单程通勤时间采用五分类法进行评估。通勤距离通过家庭和工作场所的邮政编码估算。对以下结果进行逻辑回归分析：COVID-19风险、密切接触、感染焦虑以及因通勤导致的感染焦虑。在模型中分别分析通勤距离和通勤时间。我们排除了通勤距离无法计算、通勤距离超过300公里、通勤距离为0公里或每周至少远程办公一次的参与者。
纳入分析的参与者总数为14038人。使用公共交通导致严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2感染的校正比值比（aOR）分别为4.17（95%置信区间[CI]：2.51 - 6.93）（通勤时间）和5.18（95%CI：3.06 - 8.78）（通勤距离）。COVID-19诊断的aOR随着通勤距离增加而显著降低。使用公共交通导致感染焦虑的aOR分别为1.44（95%CI：1.31 - 1.59）（通勤时间）和1.45（95%CI：1.32 - 1.60）（通勤距离）。通勤时间越长，aOR增加越多。
COVID-19风险、密切接触和感染焦虑均与通勤期间使用公共交通有关。通勤距离和时间均与因通勤导致的感染焦虑有关，且关联强度随通勤时间和距离增加而增强。由于通勤交通与COVID-19风险和焦虑相关，我们建议采用远程办公和其他工作方式。
