Tenovuo J, Alanen P, Larjava H, Viikari J, Lehtonen O P
Scand J Dent Res. 1986 Aug;94(4):338-46. doi: 10.1111/j.1600-0722.1986.tb01772.x.
Oral health, the amount of salivary Streptococcus mutans and lactobacilli, and the flow rate, pH and buffer capacity of paraffin-stimulated whole saliva were analyzed in 35 adult diabetic patients and their age- and sex-matched non-diabetic, clinically healthy controls. All patients had insulin-dependent diabetes (IDDM) with a mean (+/- SD) duration of 14.0 +/- 9.1 yr. The prevalence of dental caries was as high in the diabetic group as in the controls but the past caries experience was remarkably lower in those individuals whose diabetes had started at a very early age (less than or equal to 7 yr). In agreement with the clinical data, the salivary levels of cariogenic microorganisms were of the same order of magnitude in both study groups. However, the relative proportion of S. mutans from the total cultivable aerobic microflora was significantly higher (P less than 0.01) in diabetics compared to the controls. The other studied salivary parameters did not differ between the groups. Remarkable individual differences were observed in the correlation between glucose levels of blood and whole saliva among diabetics. In spite of the noncariogenic dietary habits, the adult diabetic patients seem to be at least as susceptible to dental caries as non-diabetics, probably due to the leakage of glucose from blood into the oral cavity.
对35名成年糖尿病患者及其年龄和性别匹配的非糖尿病健康对照者的口腔健康、唾液变形链球菌和乳酸杆菌数量以及石蜡刺激后的全唾液流速、pH值和缓冲能力进行了分析。所有患者均为胰岛素依赖型糖尿病（IDDM），平均病程（±标准差）为14.0±9.1年。糖尿病组的龋齿患病率与对照组一样高，但糖尿病发病年龄非常早（小于或等于7岁）的个体过去的龋齿经历明显较低。与临床数据一致，两个研究组中致龋微生物的唾液水平处于同一数量级。然而，与对照组相比，糖尿病患者中变形链球菌在可培养需氧微生物总数中的相对比例显著更高（P<0.01）。其他研究的唾液参数在两组之间没有差异。在糖尿病患者中，观察到血糖水平与全唾液之间的相关性存在显著的个体差异。尽管有非致龋的饮食习惯，但成年糖尿病患者似乎至少与非糖尿病患者一样容易患龋齿，这可能是由于葡萄糖从血液漏入口腔所致。
