Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
BMC Pediatr. 2021 Dec 10;21(1):563. doi: 10.1186/s12887-021-03030-2.
COVID-19 clinical course, effective therapeutic regimen, and poor prognosis risk factors in pediatric cases are still under investigation and no approved vaccinehas been introduced for them.
This cross-sectional study evaluated different aspect of COVID-19 infection in hospitalized COVID-19 positive children (≺18 years oldwith laboratory confirmed COVID-19 infection, using the national COVID-19 registry for all admitted COVID-19 positive cases from February 19 until November 13,2020, in Iran.
We evaluated 6610 hospitalized children. Fifty-four percent (3268) were male and one third of them were infants younger than 1 year. Mortality rate in total hospitalized children was 5.3% and in children with underlying co-morbidities (14.4%) was significantly higher (OR: 3.6 [2.7-4.7]). Chronic kidney disease (OR: 3.42 [1.75-6.67]), Cardiovascular diseases (OR: 3.2 [2.09-5.11]), chronic pulmonary diseases (OR: 3.21 [1.59-6.47]), and diabetes mellitus (OR: 2.5 [1.38-4.55]), resulted in higher mortality rates in hospitalized COVID-19 children. Fever (41%), cough (36%), and dyspnea (27%) were the most frequent symptoms in hospitalized children and dyspnea was associated with near three times higher mortality rate among children with COVID-19 infection (OR: 2.65 [2.13-3.29]).
Iran has relatively high COVID-19 mortality in hospitalized children. Pediatricians should consider children presenting with dyspnea, infants≺ 1 year and children with underlying co-morbidities, as high-risk groups for hospitalization, ICU admission, and death.
儿童 COVID-19 的临床病程、有效治疗方案和预后不良风险因素仍在研究中，且尚未为其研发出获批疫苗。
本横断面研究评估了伊朗 COVID-19 住院阳性患儿（年龄≺18 岁且实验室确诊 COVID-19 感染）中 COVID-19 感染的不同方面，使用国家 COVID-19 登记处收集 2020 年 2 月 19 日至 11 月 13 日期间所有住院 COVID-19 阳性患儿的资料。
共评估了 6610 例住院患儿。54%（3268 例）为男性，三分之一的患儿为 1 岁以下的婴儿。总住院患儿的死亡率为 5.3%，合并基础合并症的患儿（14.4%）死亡率显著更高（OR：3.6[2.7-4.7]）。慢性肾脏疾病（OR：3.42[1.75-6.67]）、心血管疾病（OR：3.2[2.09-5.11]）、慢性肺部疾病（OR：3.21[1.59-6.47]）和糖尿病（OR：2.5[1.38-4.55]）导致住院 COVID-19 患儿死亡率更高。发热（41%）、咳嗽（36%）和呼吸困难（27%）是住院患儿最常见的症状，呼吸困难与 COVID-19 感染患儿近三倍的死亡率相关（OR：2.65[2.13-3.29]）。
伊朗 COVID-19 住院患儿死亡率相对较高。儿科医生应考虑呼吸困难、≺1 岁婴儿和合并基础合并症的患儿为住院、入住 ICU 和死亡的高风险群体。
