Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL.
Department of Pathology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL.
Immunohorizons. 2021 Dec 10;5(12):944-952. doi: 10.4049/immunohorizons.2100046.
FOXP3 regulatory T (Treg) cells are a unique subset of CD4 T cells that classically function as master regulators of immune homeostasis. Besides this canonical suppressive role, which is required to maintain self-tolerance, a growing body of literature has identified Treg cells as critical orchestrators of tissue protection during acute stress and as effector cells that drive repair following tissue injury. Despite substantial interest in these distinct roles, the field has struggled to disentangle Treg cell suppressive functions from those that promote tissue defense and repair. In this article, we will examine the literature in the context of specific physiologic settings, contrasting the suppressive function of Treg cells with their emerging roles in promoting tissue homeostasis and tissue repair. Further, we will discuss a new paradigm differentiating tissue defense from tissue repair-a paradigm needed to translate Treg cell-based therapies to the clinic.
叉头框蛋白 P3 调节性 T（Treg）细胞是 CD4 T 细胞的一个独特亚群，其经典功能是作为免疫稳态的主要调节者。除了维持自身耐受所必需的经典抑制作用外，越来越多的文献已经确定 Treg 细胞是急性应激时组织保护的关键协调者，也是驱动组织损伤后修复的效应细胞。尽管人们对这些不同的作用有很大的兴趣，但该领域一直在努力将 Treg 细胞的抑制功能与其促进组织防御和修复的作用区分开来。在本文中，我们将根据特定的生理环境来检查文献，将 Treg 细胞的抑制功能与其在促进组织稳态和组织修复方面的新兴作用进行对比。此外，我们还将讨论一个新的范式，将组织防御与组织修复区分开来，这是将基于 Treg 细胞的治疗方法转化为临床应用所必需的。
