School of Dentistry & Hospital of Stomatology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China.
Tianjin Key Laboratory of Technologies Enabling Development of Clinical Therapeutics and Diagnostics, School of Pharmacy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300070, China.
J Nanobiotechnology. 2021 Dec 11;19(1):413. doi: 10.1186/s12951-021-01114-w.
Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease in oral cavity owing to bacterial infection. Photothermal therapy (PTT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT) have many advantages for antibacterial treatment. As an excellent photosensitizer, indocyanine green (ICG) shows prominent photothermal and photodynamic performances. However, it is difficult to pass through the negatively charged bacterial cell membrane, thus limiting its antibacterial application for periodontitis treatment.
In this work, self-assembled nanoparticles containing ICG and polycationic brush were prepared for synergistic PTT and PDT against periodontitis. First, a star-shaped polycationic brush poly(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate) (sPDMA) was synthesized via atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) of DMA monomer from bromo-substituted β-cyclodextrin initiator (CD-Br). Next, ICG was assembled with sPDMA to prepare ICG-loaded sPDMA (sPDMA@ICG) nanoparticles (NPs) and the physicochemical properties of these NPs were characterized systematically. In vitro antibacterial effects of sPDMA@ICG NPs were investigated in porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg), one of the recognized periodontitis pathogens. A ligature-induced periodontitis model was established in Sprague-Dawley rats for in vivo evaluation of anti-periodontitis effects of sPDMA@ICG NPs. Benefiting from the unique brush-shaped architecture of sPDMA polycation, sPDMA@ICG NPs significantly promoted the adsorption and penetration of ICG into the bacterial cells and showed excellent PTT and PDT performances. Both in vitro and in vivo, sPDMA@ICG NPs exerted antibacterial and anti-periodontitis actions via synergistic PTT and PDT.
A self-assembled nanosystem containing ICG and polycationic brush has shown promising clinical application for synergistic PTT and PDT against periodontitis.
牙周炎是一种由细菌感染引起的口腔慢性炎症性疾病。光热疗法（PTT）和光动力疗法（PDT）在抗菌治疗方面具有许多优势。吲哚菁绿（ICG）作为一种优秀的光敏剂，具有突出的光热和光动力性能。然而，它很难穿透带负电荷的细菌细胞膜，因此限制了其在牙周炎治疗中的抗菌应用。
在这项工作中，制备了包含 ICG 和聚阳离子刷的自组装纳米粒子，用于协同光热和光动力治疗牙周炎。首先，通过 DMA 单体从溴代 β-环糊精引发剂（CD-Br）的原子转移自由基聚合（ATRP）合成了星型聚阳离子刷聚（2-（二甲氨基）乙基甲基丙烯酸酯）（sPDMA）。然后，将 ICG 与 sPDMA 组装，制备负载 ICG 的 sPDMA（sPDMA@ICG）纳米粒子（NPs），并对这些 NPs 的理化性质进行了系统表征。在牙龈卟啉单胞菌（Pg）中研究了 sPDMA@ICG NPs 的体外抗菌作用，Pg 是公认的牙周炎病原体之一。在 Sprague-Dawley 大鼠中建立结扎诱导的牙周炎模型，用于体内评价 sPDMA@ICG NPs 的抗牙周炎作用。得益于 sPDMA 聚阳离子的独特刷状结构，sPDMA@ICG NPs 显著促进了 ICG 吸附和渗透进入细菌细胞，并表现出优异的 PTT 和 PDT 性能。无论是在体外还是体内，sPDMA@ICG NPs 均通过协同 PTT 和 PDT 发挥抗菌和抗牙周炎作用。
包含 ICG 和聚阳离子刷的自组装纳米系统显示出了用于协同光热和光动力治疗牙周炎的有前景的临床应用。
