基于模型的健康教育项目对尖锐湿疣预防行为的有效性：一项准实验研究。
The effectiveness of a model-based health education program on genital warts preventive behaviors: a quasi-experimental study.
作者信息
Hosseini Zahra, Seyrafi Niloofar, Aghamolaei Teamur, Mohseni Shokrollah, Alavi Azin, Dadipoor Sakineh
机构信息
Social Determinants in Health Promotion Research Center, Hormozgan Health Institute, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
Student Research Committee, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
出版信息
Infect Agent Cancer. 2021 Dec 11;16(1):68. doi: 10.1186/s13027-021-00408-w.
BACKGROUND
Genital warts (GWs) are highly prevalent among Iranian women. GWs are not only highly infectious but are also followed by severe adverse effects, including the development of cervical cancer. Therefore, the present study aimed to explore the effect of an educational intervention based on the health belief model (HBM) on the adoption of GWs preventive behaviors by married women in Bandar Abbas, a city in the south of Iran.
METHODS
A quasi-experimental intervention was conducted between 2019 and 2020 among 150 women participants (75 as the intervention and 75 as the control group). The sampling method was multi-stage clustering. The required data was collected using a reliable and valid tripartite questionnaire which explored demographic information, awareness, and HBM constructs. A total number of 15 educational sessions were held, each 90 min long. The control group received only one 90-min session. The final follow-up was completed three months after the intervention in November 2020.
RESULTS
The two research groups had no statistically significant differences in terms of awareness, perceived susceptibility, severity, benefits, barriers, and self-efficacy before the intervention (in the pre-test) (p > .05). After the educational intervention, the two groups showed statistically significant differences in all constructs except for the perceived benefits (p < .001). In the intervention group, in the pretest (before the intervention), the behavior score was 2.77 ± 2.59, which was increased to 3.73 ± .52 after the intervention (p < .001). In the control group, however, the difference was not statistically significant (p = 0.227).
CONCLUSION
The present findings showed that the educational intervention based on the HBM can improve the prevalence of GWs preventive behaviors in women. This education should be provided by experts at regular intervals in all healthcare centers.
背景
尖锐湿疣（GWs）在伊朗女性中极为普遍。尖锐湿疣不仅具有高度传染性，还会引发严重的不良反应，包括宫颈癌的发生。因此，本研究旨在探讨基于健康信念模型（HBM）的教育干预对伊朗南部城市阿巴斯港已婚女性采取尖锐湿疣预防行为的影响。
方法
2019年至2020年间，对150名女性参与者（75名为干预组，75名为对照组）进行了一项准实验干预。抽样方法为多阶段整群抽样。使用一份可靠且有效的三方问卷收集所需数据，该问卷探讨了人口统计学信息、认知以及健康信念模型的构成要素。共举办了15次教育课程，每次时长90分钟。对照组仅接受了一次90分钟的课程。最终随访于2020年11月干预结束三个月后完成。
结果
在干预前（预测试），两个研究组在认知、感知易感性、严重性、益处、障碍和自我效能方面无统计学显著差异（p＞0.05）。教育干预后，除感知益处外，两组在所有构成要素上均显示出统计学显著差异（p＜0.001）。在干预组中，预测试（干预前）时行为得分是2.77±2.59，干预后增至3.73±0.52（p＜0.001）。然而，对照组的差异无统计学意义（p = 0.227）。
结论
本研究结果表明，基于健康信念模型的教育干预可提高女性尖锐湿疣预防行为的普及率。所有医疗保健中心应由专家定期提供此类教育。
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