Mother and Child Welfare Research Center, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maternal-Fetal Medicine Research Center, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
BMC Womens Health. 2022 Mar 8;22(1):63. doi: 10.1186/s12905-022-01649-6.
Genital wart (GW) is known as an infectious disease. Besides the infection, it is associated with a higher risk of cervical neoplasia and cancer in the infected population. The present research aimed to explore the predictors of GW preventive behaviors based on the health belief model (HBM).
The present analytical and cross-sectional research was conducted in 2019 among 720 women between 15 and 49 years of age in Bandar Abbas in the south of Iran. The sample was selected in a multi-stratified clustering method. The participants responded to a reliable and valid researcher-made questionnaire which explored demographic information, knowledge-related items and the model constructs. A multivariate linear regression analysis was run to determine the predictors of adopting GW preventive behaviors. A path analysis was also run to test the direct and indirect effects of the model constructs on the dependent variable.
The mean and standard deviation of participants' age was 30.43 ± 8.697 years. As Pearson's correlation coefficients showed, knowledge (r = 0.197, p < 0.001), perceived susceptibility (r = 0.434, p < 0.001), severity (r = 0.463, p < 0.001) and self-efficacy (r = 0.434, p < 0.001) were significantly correlated with the adoption of GWs preventive behaviors. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that self-efficacy (B = - 0.010, p < 0.001), perceived susceptibility (B = 0.070, p < 0.001) and severity (B = 0.078, p < 0.001) were the predictors of GW preventive behaviors. Path analysis showed that perceived susceptibility, severity and self-efficacy directly affected healthy behaviors while perceived benefits and barriers indirectly affected the preventive behaviors.
The present findings help to promote knowledge of the predictors of GW preventive behaviors. HBM can be a useful theoretical framework to evaluate the preventive behavior of the disease and help to reduce the rate of sexually-transmitted infections including GW.
生殖器疣（GW）是一种传染病。除感染外，它还与感染人群中宫颈癌和癌症的风险增加有关。本研究旨在基于健康信念模型（HBM）探讨 GW 预防行为的预测因素。
本分析性和横断面研究于 2019 年在伊朗南部的班达尔阿巴斯对 720 名 15 至 49 岁的女性进行。采用多分层聚类法选择样本。参与者回答了一份可靠和有效的研究人员制作的问卷，该问卷探讨了人口统计学信息、知识相关项目和模型结构。进行了多元线性回归分析，以确定采用 GW 预防行为的预测因素。还进行了路径分析，以检验模型结构对因变量的直接和间接影响。
参与者的年龄平均值和标准差为 30.43 ± 8.697 岁。如皮尔逊相关系数所示，知识（r = 0.197，p < 0.001）、感知易感性（r = 0.434，p < 0.001）、严重程度（r = 0.463，p < 0.001）和自我效能（r = 0.434，p < 0.001）与 GW 预防行为的采用显著相关。多元线性回归分析表明，自我效能（B = -0.010，p < 0.001）、感知易感性（B = 0.070，p < 0.001）和严重程度（B = 0.078，p < 0.001）是 GW 预防行为的预测因素。路径分析表明，感知易感性、严重程度和自我效能直接影响健康行为，而感知益处和障碍则间接影响预防行为。
本研究结果有助于提高对 GW 预防行为预测因素的认识。HBM 可以作为评估疾病预防行为的有用理论框架，有助于降低包括 GW 在内的性传播感染的发生率。
