Centre for Sport, Exercise and Life Sciences, Research Institute of Health and Wellbeing, Coventry University, Coventry, CV1 2DS, United Kingdom; Human Metabolism Research Unit, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, CV2 2DX, United Kingdom.
Centre for Sport, Exercise and Life Sciences, Research Institute of Health and Wellbeing, Coventry University, Coventry, CV1 2DS, United Kingdom; School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Coventry University, Coventry, CV1 2DS, United Kingdom.
Exp Gerontol. 2022 Feb;158:111651. doi: 10.1016/j.exger.2021.111651. Epub 2021 Dec 9.
To determine the individual and combined effects of 12 weeks of resistance exercise (RE) and whey protein supplementation on skeletal muscle strength (primary outcome), mass and physical function, and hormonal and inflammatory biomarkers in older adults.
Thirty-six healthy older men [(mean±SE) age: 67±1 y; BMI: 25.5±0.4 kg/m] were randomised to either control (CON; n=9), whey protein (PRO; n=9), RE+control (EX+CON; n=9), or RE+whey protein (EX+PRO; n=9) in a double-blinded fashion. Whole-body RE (2 sets of 8 repetitions and 1 set to volitional failure at 80% 1RM) was performed twice weekly. Supplements (PRO, 25 g whey protein isolate; CON, 23.75 g maltodextrin) were consumed twice daily.
EX+CON and EX+PRO increased leg extension (+19±3 kg and +20±3 kg, respectively) and leg press 1RM (+27±3 kg and +39±2 kg, respectively) greater than the CON and PRO groups (P<0.001, Cohen's d=1.50-1.90). RE (EX+CON and EX+PRO groups pooled) also increased fat-free mass (FFM) (+0.9±0.3 kg) and 6-min walk test distance (+21±5 m) and decreased fat mass (-0.4±0.4 kg), and interleukin-6 (-1.0±0.4 pg/mL) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha concentration (-0.7±0.3 pg/mL) greater than non-exercise (CON and PRO groups pooled; P<0.05, Cohen's f=0.37-0.45). Whey protein supplementation (PRO and EX+PRO groups pooled) increased 4-m gait speed greater than control (CON and EX+CON groups pooled) (+0.08±0.03 m/s; P=0.007, f=0.51).
RE increased muscle strength, FFM and physical function, and decreased markers of systemic inflammation in healthy active older men. Whey protein supplementation alone increased gait speed. No synergistic effects were observed. This study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03299972.
确定 12 周抗阻运动（RE）和乳清蛋白补充对老年人骨骼肌力量（主要结果）、质量和身体功能以及激素和炎症生物标志物的单独和联合影响。
36 名健康老年人[(平均±SE)年龄：67±1 岁；BMI：25.5±0.4kg/m²]被随机分为对照组（CON；n=9）、乳清蛋白组（PRO；n=9）、RE+对照组（EX+CON；n=9）或 RE+乳清蛋白组（EX+PRO；n=9），采用双盲法。全身 RE（2 组 8 次重复，1 组至 80%1RM 自愿失败）每周进行 2 次。补充剂（PRO，25g 乳清蛋白分离物；CON，23.75g 麦芽糊精）每天服用 2 次。
EX+CON 和 EX+PRO 分别使腿伸展（+19±3kg 和+20±3kg）和腿推 1RM（+27±3kg 和+39±2kg）增加的幅度大于 CON 和 PRO 组（P<0.001，Cohen's d=1.50-1.90）。RE（EX+CON 和 EX+PRO 组合并）还增加了去脂体重（FFM）（+0.9±0.3kg）和 6 分钟步行试验距离（+21±5m），并减少了脂肪量（-0.4±0.4kg），白细胞介素-6（-1.0±0.4pg/mL）和肿瘤坏死因子-α浓度（-0.7±0.3pg/mL）低于非运动（CON 和 PRO 组合并；P<0.05，Cohen's f=0.37-0.45）。乳清蛋白补充（PRO 和 EX+PRO 组合并）使 4m 步速增加的幅度大于对照组（CON 和 EX+CON 组合并）（+0.08±0.03m/s；P=0.007，f=0.51）。
RE 增加了健康活跃的老年人的肌肉力量、FFM 和身体功能，并降低了全身炎症标志物的水平。单独使用乳清蛋白补充剂可提高步速。未观察到协同作用。该研究在 clinicaltrials.gov 上注册为 NCT03299972。
