Electrobiomaterials Institute, Key Laboratory for Anisotropy and Texture of Materials (Ministry of Education), Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China; Department of Microbiology and Institute for Applied Life Sciences (IALS), University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, USA.
Bioresour Technol. 2022 Feb;345:126553. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126553. Epub 2021 Dec 11.
Electrotrophy, the growth of microbes on extracellular electron donors, drives important biogeochemical cycles and has practical applications. Studies of Fe(II)-based electrotrophy have provided foundational cytochrome-based mechanistic models for electron transport into cells. Direct electron uptake from other microbial species, Fe(0), or cathodes is of intense interest due to its potential roles in the production and anaerobic oxidation of methane, corrosion, and bioelectrochemical technologies. Other cells or Fe(0) can serve as the sole electron donor supporting the growth of several Geobacter and methanogen strains that are unable to use H as an electron donor, providing strong evidence for electrotrophy. Additional evidence for electrotrophy in Geobacter strains and Methanosarcina acetivorans is a requirement for outer-surface c-type cytochromes. However, in most instances claims for electrotrophy in anaerobes are based on indirect inference and the possibility that H is actually the electron donor supporting growth has not been rigorously excluded.
电营养作用，即微生物在细胞外电子供体上的生长，驱动着重要的生物地球化学循环，并具有实际应用。基于 Fe(II)的电营养作用研究为细胞内电子传递提供了基于细胞色素的基础机械模型。由于其在甲烷的产生和厌氧氧化、腐蚀和生物电化学技术中的潜在作用，直接从其他微生物、Fe(0)或阴极获取电子受到了强烈关注。其他细胞或 Fe(0)可以作为唯一的电子供体，支持几种无法将 H 作为电子供体的 Geobacter 和产甲烷菌的生长，这为电营养作用提供了有力证据。Geobacter 菌株和 Methanosarcina acetivorans 中电营养作用的额外证据是对外表面 c 型细胞色素的需求。然而，在大多数情况下，厌氧菌的电营养作用的说法是基于间接推断，并且实际上 H 是支持生长的电子供体的可能性尚未被严格排除。
